引语转换成间接引语的讲解练习.doc

直接引语和间接引语 一、直接引语与间接引语的转换 在将直接引语转换为间接引语时，不仅句式上要有变化，而且要在时态、人称、时间、地点等方面作相应的变化。 1、引语转换时的句式变化 不同的直接引语句式，如：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句，转换成间接引语时要遵循一定的句式转换规则，还要注意根据句意，使用适当的引述动词。 （1）陈述句的间接引语 将陈述句转换为间接引语，通常用that引导的宾语从句来表达that 在不引起歧义的情况下可以省略。引述分句的动词常见的有say 和tell等。 He said, “I caught a cold yesterday.” 他说：“我昨天感冒了。” ( He said (that) he had caught a cold the day before. 他说他前天感冒了。 Helen said to me, “I’m tired of taking such exams.” 海伦说：“我讨厌参加这种考试。” ( Helen told me (that) she was tired of taking such exams. 海伦说她讨厌参加这种考试。 【点津坊】 在下列情况下，往往要保留that。 ① that 的省略会产生歧义。 Linda said disappointedly that when she arrived at the station, the train had already left. 琳达很失望地说，她到达车站时火车已经开走了。（如不用that，when状语从句既可以理解为修饰said, 又可以理解为修饰had left） ② 当引述动词后面不止跟一个that引导的从句时，第二个that不能省略。 He said (that) he was leaving for Europe the next week and that he would stay there for half a year. 他说他下周要到欧洲去并在那里呆半年。（第二个that不能省略） （2）疑问句的间接引语 直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接问句。引述的动词常用ask, inquire, wonder, want to know等。间接问句的词序一般都用正常词序，句末不用问号，用句号。 ①一般疑问句的间接引语 直接引语为一般疑问句时，用连词whether或if 引导，某些表示请求的疑问句也可以转换成间接祈使句。 I asked him, “Are you satisfied with the results?” 我问他：“你对这结果满意吗？” ( I asked him whether he was satisfied with the results. 我问他对这结果是否满意。 “Did you go to the British Museum yesterday?” asked Kate. 凯特问：“你昨天有没有去大英博物馆？” Kate asked me if I had gone to the British Museum the day before. ( 凯特问我昨天有没有去大英博物馆。 The old man said to a passer-by, “Will you tell me the way to get to the Great Wall Hotel?” 那位老人跟一位过路人说：“请问到长城饭店的路怎么走。” ( The old man asked a passer-by to tell him the way to the Great Wall Hotel. 那位老人请一位过路人告诉他去长城饭店的路。 ②选择疑问句的间接引语 直接引语为选择疑问句时，用连词whether/if…or…引导。 He said, “Are you interested in English or not?” 他说：“你是否对英语感兴趣?” ( He asked (me) whether I was interested in English or not. 他问我是否对英语感兴趣。 “Do you like Chinese food or Japanese food?” he asked. 他问：“你喜欢中国食物还是日本食物？” ( He asked whether / if I liked Chinese food or Japanese food. 他问我喜欢中国食物还是日本食物。 ③特殊疑问句的间接引语 直接引语为特殊疑问句，转换为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导。 “What do you