接英语和间接英语.ppt

* * 直接英语和间接英语 句型转换 一、句型的变化 （一）如果直接引语是陈述句，间接引语一般是用that来引导。口语中that常可以省略。 “I like to listen to rock music,” said Peter. Peter said that he liked to listen to rock music. 【温馨提示】如果直接引语中出现两个或两个以上的陈述句并列时，第一个that可以省略，后面一个不能省略，以免引起歧义。如： The teacher said, “The text is very important. You should learn it by heart.” The teacher said (that) the text is important and that we should learn it by heart. (二) 如果直接引语是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时 ，间接引语常变为由whether/if引导，而且要用陈述句语序。如： 1) The boy asked his mother, “Can I go to play football with my friends on Saturday?” The boy asked his mother whether/if he could go to play football with his friends on Saturday. 2) “Will you go to the museum this weekend or next weekend?” Li Hua asked me. Li Hua asked me whether/if I would go to the museum this weekend or the next weekend. (三) 如果直接引语是特殊问句，间接引语用特殊疑问词引导，而且用陈述句语序。如： “How much time do you spend on the homework?” he asked me. He asked me how much time I spent on the homework. （四）如果间接引语是表示请求、提议、建议、劝告等意义的问句，要借助其他句型结构来表达。如： 1)“Would you buy me some stamps while you are in the office?” He said to me. He asked me to buy him some stamps while I am in the office. 2)“Why don’t you come and play football with me?” He asked. He advised me to play football with him. 【温馨提示】表示请求、劝告时，通常用“ask/advise/want等 + 宾语 + 动词不定式”结构。 (五) 如果直接引语是祈使句，间接引语要用不定式的复合结构改，即改为：tell (ask, order, warn, advise等) sb. (not) to do sth. 如： 1)The policeman said to the children, “Don’t play football in the street.” The policeman told the children not to play football in the street. 2)“Listen to me carefully, please.” the teacher said to us. The teacher told us to listen to him carefully. 【温馨提示】如果祈使句中出现了please, 在间接引语中必须省略。 (六) 如果直接引语是感叹句，变间接引语时，用what, how或that来引述。如： “What a beautiful house it is!” he said to me. He told me what a beautiful house it was. He told me that it was a beautiful house. 二、时态的变化 （一）如果主句的时态是一般现在时或将来时，则间接引语中的时态不变。如； He says, “I