抗生素的临床应用（Clinical application of antibiotics）.doc

抗生素的临床应用（Clinical application of antibiotics） Clinical application of antibiotics The time and concentration dependence of antimicrobial agents and the post effect of antimicrobial agents have attracted more and more attention in the recent years. With the further study of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of antibacterials, there is a more adequate theoretical basis for rational selection of antibiotics in clinical practice. The rational use of antibiotics is a pointer to select the appropriate antibiotics of pathogenic microorganisms, using the correct dose, route of administration, appropriate dosing interval, an appropriate procedure to eliminate pathogenic bacteria and infection control objective. Clinicians can reference by pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters for antimicrobial drug regimens, the selection of drug properties, intensity and time to meet the clinical needs, in order to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, prevent or mitigate its adverse reactions. First, antibacterial drug pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic parameters of 1. pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is an important part of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics of drugs including in vivo process, the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion; pharmacodynamics is a scientific research mechanism and effect of drug use and effect on the body the quantity of the law. At present, for the PD / PK parameters to guide the clinical medication including: (1) the half-life (t1/2); (2) the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC); (3) antibacterial drugs (MIC), which can inhibit the lowest concentration of drugs required for bacterial growth; (4) the ratio of 24 hours AUC and MIC (24 AUIC); (5) the peak concentration of Cmax; (6) higher than the drug concentration time of MIC (T). 2. time dependent antibacterial drugs: antibacterial drug dependence refers to the time duration of antimicrobial bactericidal activity with bacterial contact is proportional to that of a