摄像机的组成（Camera composition）.doc

摄像机的组成（Camera composition） Lens system 1. focus and focus Focal length: for a camera, the focal length of the lens is approximately equal to the image distance. F = L2 Focus: as the focusing principle of camera, distance change imaging surface will be changed, but the camera tube or CCD is fixed, so only through the lens and the distance of the objects, the imaging surface is unchanged. Front focus: adjust the focus ring at the front of the camera according to the distance of the scene to make the image clear. Post focus: that is to adjust the back of the lens. When the distance between the lens and the camera device is not consistent with the back intercept, the imaging surface falls on the receiving light surface. The image will blur. The position of the last set of lenses is adjusted by a rear focusing ring, so that the image is clear and adjusted to be fixed. You do not need to adjust frequently without changing the lens. Often done is to adjust the front focus, referred to as focusing. At present, the home video camera adopts automatic focusing, without manual adjustment; professional camera usually uses manual focusing mode, and now some cameras have automatic focusing function. Angle of view: the angle from the main plane of the lens to the sides of the scene or the sides of the imaging range is called the angle of view. F-- focal length, H2 target surface height, theta is vertical field view angle; H2 is the horizontal width of the target surface, and theta is the horizontal field angle. The greater the theta, the larger the range of sights you see; The smaller the theta, the smaller the range of view. When H2 is determined: the bigger the F, the smaller the theta and the smaller the range; the smaller the F, the greater the theta and the larger the range of the scene. General: theta 300, referred to as wide-angle lens; Theta is 20~270, which is called standard lens (ordinary lens) Theta 200 is called a narrow angle lens (telephoto lens) The working charact