材料简答题（Material brief answer）.docVIP

材料简答题（Material brief answer） 1. The universality of elastic deformation, plastic deformation and fracture A: when the object is not subjected to external force and the deformation is in the initial stage, if the external force is removed, the deformation of the object will completely disappear and be restored to the original state. This deformation is called elastic deformation. When the external force is increased to a certain value and then removed, the object deformation can not be completely disappeared and some are preserved, then the material into the plastic deformation stage, the deformation retained known as plastic deformation and residual deformation. When the plastic deformation reaches a certain extent, cracks appear in the material. Under the action of an external force, the crack expands in some form and eventually breaks. In summary, for all engineering materials, under the action of external force with the increase of the external forces and deformation and fracture is a common law; and the metal crystal materials, the process is always by elastic deformation, plastic deformation and fracture is composed of three stages. 2 、 according to the orientation relation between applied stress and crack propagation, there are three basic forms of crack growth Answer 1: open type, normal stress acts perpendicular to the crack surface crack along the stress direction. The crack propagation along the surface. The sliding mode, the shear stress acting on the crack surface and parallel and vertical crack line, parallel crack along the crack surface sliding expansion. The tearing type, shear stress parallel to the crack plane effect, and parallel to the crack line, crack along the crack surface tear expansion. 3, the role of glass phase Answer: (1) bonding the crystal phase, filling the gap between the crystals, increasing the density of the material; reducing the sintering temperature and speeding up the sintering process; preventing the crystal transformation an