水路运输常识（Common sense of water transportation）.docVIP

水路运输常识（Common sense of water transportation） I. ship structure Ships are tools for carrying goods by sea. Ships are divided in size, but their main parts are similar. The ship is mainly composed of the following parts: (a) hull (Shell) The ship hull shell, is the combination of many steel plate riveting or welding, including keel plate, bending plate and plate on the outboard part three. (two) ship support (Frame); The frame is used for supporting the hull refers to the collection of various materials, is divided into two parts: longitudinal and transverse. The longitudinal material includes the keel, the base bone and the edge bone; the transverse material includes the rib, the ship beam and the bulkhead. (three) deck (Deck); The deck is a steel plate laid over a ships beam that divides the hull into upper, middle and lower layers. The deck of large vessels can be as many as six or seven layers, and its function is to reinforce the hull structure and facilitate the layered stowage and loading. (four) cabin (Holds, and, Tanks) The cabin is a wide range of space below the nail plate, including bow, stern, hold, machine and boiler compartments. (five) the building (Super Structure) The building refers to the buildings on the main deck, for the crew to work living and storage vessels, it includes the bow room, ship Weifang and bridge. Two. Types of vessels There are many kinds of ships transporting goods by sea. In accordance with their different uses, cargo carriers can be divided into two categories: dry cargo ships and oil tank ships. (1) dry cargo ships (Dry, Cargo, Ship); Depending on the cargo and the ships structure and equipment, it can be divided into: 1. Ship Cargo (General) A general cargo ship is a ship that is scheduled to sail on a busy freight route for the purpose of shipping odd bulk cargo. The ship is sailing at a faster rate, with adequate lifting equipment on board, and a multi deck deck in which the compartments are separated into multilayer contai