土体初始饱和度对降雨入渗的影响-河海期刊网.PDF

第36卷第4期 水 利 水 电科 技 进 展 2016年7月 Vol.36 No.4 Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources Jul. 2016 DOI:10.3880/ j.issn.1006 7647.2016.04.006 土体初始饱和度对降雨入渗的影响 薛摇 松,童富果,郝摇 霜,王摇 军 (三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北 宜昌摇 443002) 摘要:基于水、气两相流理论,采用有限单元法计算了壤土在不同饱和度下的降雨入渗过程,以研究 初始饱和度变化对降雨入渗的影响。 数值模拟结果表明:降雨入渗初期孔隙气压会逐渐增大,入渗 强度会因孔隙气的顶托作用逐渐减小并最终趋于稳定。 稳定后的降雨入渗强度主要取决于土体基 质吸力和渗透特性,与土体初始饱和度大小直接相关;入渗强度存在最大、最小值,最大值通常会出 现在初始饱和度为0或1时,而最小值所对应的饱和度与土体非饱和特性有关;受土体基质吸力和 水、气渗透性的双重影响,入渗强度会先随饱和度的增大而逐渐减小,当降至最小值后,入渗强度又 会随饱和度的增大而增大。 根据计算结果,提出了一个可计算相对稳定入渗强度的公式。 关键词:壤土;两相流;降雨入渗强度;初始饱和度;有限单元法 中图分类号:TV139.11摇 摇 摇 文献标志码:A摇 摇 摇 文章编号:1006 7647(2016)04 0031 05 Effects of initial degree of saturation of soil on rainfall infiltration/ / XUE Song,TONGFuguo,HAOShuang,WANG Jun(College of Hydraulic Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China) Abstract:Based on the theory of gas鄄liquid two鄄phase flow, the finite element method was used to simulate rainfall infiltration in loam soil with different degrees of saturation to investigate the effects of the initial degree of saturation on rainfall infiltration. Numerical results show that the pore air pressure increases gradually in the initial stage of rainfall infiltration;then,the infiltrationratedecreasestoastablevaluebecauseofthejackingforcecausedbyporeair. Thestable infiltration rate is mainly determined by the matrix suction and permeability characteristics of soil,varying with the initial degree of saturation. With the variation of the initial degree of saturation,the infiltration rate reaches its maximum or minimum values. The maximum infiltration rate usually appears in the stage of residual or full saturation, while the minimum infiltration