中国戏剧和中国传统思想(1).docxVIP

中国戏曲Chinese Operas AcrobaticsPeking Opera 京剧Among hundreds of opera types in China, Peking Opera has the greatest influence and is therefore regarded as the “National Opera”（国剧）. During the past two centuries, Peking Opera has gradually developed a set of strict and stylized rules on singing, recital and action.（在200多年的发展历程中，京剧形成了独特的唱词、念白和动作表演一整套严格、规范的程式。）Kunqu (The Kun Opera) 昆曲Kunqu, alias（别名叫）Kunju, is China’s oldest tradition of the theaters, and has exerted a direct impact on Peking Opera and many regional operas in terms of their formation and development（形成和发展）. That is why it’s known as “the Origin of Chinese Operas”.（百戏之祖）Features of Performance 表演特色Kunqu is an art form integrated with singing, dancing, theatrical speeches and stage actions. Its way of singing and music scores is unique in that it typically has a soft and charmingly lingering touch.（昆曲是集歌唱、舞蹈、道白、动作为一体的综合艺术形式。它的唱腔、音乐缠绵柔婉，独具特色。）The Origin of Chinese Operas 百戏之祖Originated from around Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, and the years between 1570 and 1800 saw the prosperity of Kunqu as new productions kept coming out, with performing art reaching a relatively high level, as the arias（唱腔） of the plays were mostly beautiful poems.公元1570至1800年间，是昆曲的兴盛时期。当时出现许多新作品，表演也达到了较高的艺术水平，剧本的唱段都是很美的诗词。）Acrobatics 杂技Chinese acrobatics prides itself on a long history of over 2000 years.It is an art form closely related to people’s recreational games and traditional sporting activities（它大多数节目来自于民间的游戏和传统的体育活动）, as well as other forms of the performing arts of drama, dance, and martial arts (武术). Every skill is handed down from generation to generation.（代代相传）中国传统思想 Traditional Chinese ThoughtsConfucius and Confucianism 孔子与儒家学说Confucius([k?nfju:?j?s])and the Confucianism([k?nfj???,n?zm]) he established have not only become an indispensable(不可缺少的) part of Chinese civilization of the past thousands of years, but also exerted a great impact on the adjacent([?d?e?s(?)nt], 邻近的，毗连的) countries and regions, especially Korean penin