SATⅡ 物理Optics 光学灵格斯教育.pdf

鐏垫牸鏂暀鑲 SAT 鈪 鐗╃悊 Optics 鍏夊 Physical Optics 涓€銆 Electromagnetic wave 鐢电娉 1銆佺數纾佹尝绉嶇被锛氭棤绾跨數娉€佸井娉€佺孩澶栫嚎銆佸彲瑙佸厜銆佺传澶栫嚎銆乆 灏勭嚎鍜屼冀椹皠 绾 8 2 銆佹墍鏈夊舰寮忕殑鐢电娉㈠湪鐪熺┖涓殑閫熷害C=3*10 m/s 饊亹 = 饊亾饊寙 3 銆佺數瀛愭尝璋卞浘 饊仯 = 饊亾饊寙 a) Wavelength(娉㈤暱) 锛氿€寙 b) Speed of the Wave(娉㈤€? 锛氿€仯 锛屽悓涓€绉嶆尝鍦ㄤ笉鍚屼粙璐ㄤ腑娉㈤€熸敼鍙橈紝鐢变簬 v=f 位锛屾墍浠ユ尝闀夸細鏀瑰彉锛 c) Frequency(娉㈤) 锛氿€亾 锛屽悓涓€绉嶆尝鍦ㄤ笉鍚屼粙璐ㄤ腑鐨凢requency 涓嶅彉锛 d) 鍙鍏夌殑棰滆壊鐢卞叾棰戠巼鍐冲畾锛岃€岄潪娉㈤暱鍐冲畾锛 浜屻€ Dopple Effect 澶氭櫘鍕掓晥搴擔 1銆佸鏅嫆鏁堝簲锛氱墿浣撹緪灏勭殑娉㈤暱鍥犱负娉㈡簮鍜岃娴嬭€呯殑鐩稿杩愬姩鑰屼骇鐢熷彉鍖栥€ a) 鍦ㄨ繍鍔ㄧ殑娉㈡簮鍓嶉潰锛屾尝琚帇缂╋紝娉㈤暱鍙樺緱杈冪煭锛岄鐜囧彉寰楄緝楂橈紙钃濈Щ blue shift 锛夛紱锛堝鏋滄槸澹版尝锛屽垯澹拌皟鈫戯級 b) 鍦ㄨ繍鍔ㄧ殑娉㈡簮鍚庨潰鏃讹紝浼氫骇鐢熺浉鍙嶇殑鏁堝簲銆傛尝闀垮彉寰楄緝闀匡紝棰戠巼鍙樺緱杈 1 / 8 鐏垫牸鏂暀鑲 SAT 鈪 鐗╃悊 Optics 鍏夊 浣 锛堢孩绉籸ed shift 锛夛紱锛堝鏋滄槸澹版尝锛屽垯澹拌皟鈫 锛 c) 娉㈡簮鐨勯€熷害瓒婇珮锛屾墍浜х敓鐨勬晥搴旇秺澶с€ 涓夈€ 鍏夋尝鐨勫共娑?鍙犲姞: 1銆丆onstructive Interference 娉㈠寮 2銆丏estructive Interference 娉㈠噺寮 鍥涖€ 鍗曠紳琛嶅皠 锛圫ingle slit diffraction 锛?--鍗曠紳琛嶅皠鏄厜鍦ㄤ紶鎾繃绋嬩腑閬囧埌闅滅鐗╋紝 鍏夋尝浼氱粫杩囬殰纰嶇墿缁х画浼犳挱鐨勪竴绉嶇幇璞°€傚鏋滄尝闀夸笌缂濄€佸瓟鎴栭殰纰嶇墿灏哄鐩稿綋鎴栬€呮洿 澶ф椂锛岃灏勭幇璞℃渶鏄庢樉銆 浜斻€ 鍙岀紳骞叉秹 锛坉ouble-slit interference 锛?--骞宠鐨勫崟鑹插厜鎶曞皠鍒颁竴涓湁涓ゆ潯鐙紳 鐨勬尅鏉夸笂锛岀嫮缂濈浉璺濆緢杩戯紝骞宠鍏夌殑鍏夋尝浼氬悓鏃朵紶鍒扮嫮缂濓紝瀹冧滑灏辨垚浜嗕袱涓尟鍔ㄦ儏鍐 鎬绘槸鐩稿悓鐨勬尝婧愮О涓虹浉骞叉尝婧愶紝瀹冧滑鍙戝嚭鐨勫厜鍦ㄦ。鏉垮悗闈㈢殑绌洪棿鐩镐簰鍙犲姞锛屽氨鍙戠敓浜 骞叉秹鐜拌薄銆 S 绾垮厜婧愶紝G 鏄竴涓伄鍏夊睆锛屽叾涓婃湁涓ゆ潯涓嶴 骞宠鐨勭嫮缂漇1銆丼2锛屼笖涓嶴 绛夎窛 绂伙紝鍥犳S1銆丼2 鏄浉骞插厜婧愶紝涓旂浉浣嶇浉鍚岋紱S1銆丼2 涔嬮棿鐨勮窛绂绘槸d 锛屽埌灞忕殑璺濈鏄 D銆 鍚屾柟鍚戙€佸悓棰戠巼銆佹湁鎭掑畾鍒濈浉宸殑涓や釜鍗曡壊鍏夋簮鎵€鍙戝嚭鐨勪袱鍒楀厜娉㈢殑鍙犲姞銆 1銆丳 鐐圭殑鍏夊己I 鍙栧喅浜庝袱鍏夋尝鍦ㄨ鐐圭殑鍏夌▼宸垨鐩镐綅宸€ ( ) 1) 銆佄擙 n 饊仧 鈭 饊仧 = m 位 (m = 0, 卤1, 卤2, 鈥 . ) 锛氬綋鍏夌▼宸瓑浜庢尝闀跨殑鏁存暟鍊 2 1 鏃讹紝P 鐐规湁鍏夊己鏈€澶у€ 2 / 8 鐏垫牸鏂暀鑲 SAT 鈪 鐗╃悊 Optics 鍏夊