酸碱标准溶液的配制与标定（Preparation and calibration of standard solution of acid and alkali）.docVIP

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酸碱标准溶液的配制与标定（Preparation and calibration of standard solution of acid and alkali）.doc

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酸碱标准溶液的配制与标定（Preparation and calibration of standard solution of acid and alkali）

酸碱标准溶液的配制与标定（Preparation and calibration of standard solution of acid and alkali） Acid standard solution Standard acid solutions are usually formulated with HCl solutions, often in concentrations of 0.1mol/L, but are sometimes used at concentrations as high as 1mol/L and low to 0.01mol/L. The HCl standard solution is fairly stable, so the standard solution is properly preserved, and its concentration can be prolonged. HCl standard solution is usually prepared by an indirect method, which is first prepared into a solution of approximate concentration, and then calibrated with a reference substance. Calibration reference material, commonly used with anhydrous Na2CO3 and borax. (1) anhydrous Na2CO3: its advantage is easy to obtain pure products, generally available commercially available benchmark class Na2CO3 reagent as benchmark. But because Na2CO3 is easy to absorb moisture in the air, it should be dried at about 270 DEG C before use, then sealed in a bottle and stored in a dryer. When weighing, move quickly so as not to absorb moisture in the air and introduce errors. The HCl solution was calibrated with Na2CO3 and the end point was determined by methyl orange using the following reactions: The disadvantage of the Na2CO3 reference material is that it is easy to absorb water, and the errors due to weighing are also slightly greater, and at the end of the process, the discoloration is not very sharp. (2) borax (Na2B4O7, 10H2O): its advantage is easy to make pure products, not easy to absorb water, because of weighing less error. But when the relative humidity in the air is less than 39%, it is easy to lose crystalline water, so it should be kept in a relative humidity of 60%. The calibration reaction of borax benchmark is: Na2B4O7 +2HCl + 5H2O = 4H3BO3 + 2NaCl With methyl red indicating end, discoloration is obvious. Two, alkali standard solution Alkaline standard solutions are usually prepared with NaOH, the most commonly used concentration is 0.1mol/L, but sometime