林木育种（Tree breeding）.docVIP

林木育种（Tree breeding） I. Introduction 1. The concept of tree breeding is to study the theory and technology of breeding and reproduction of fine tree species using the principles of genetics. The essence of tree breeding is to create variation, select variation and utilize variation The basic task of tree breeding: breeding and breeding of improved varieties The general procedure, 2 forest tree breeding: genetic resources selection, selection of valuable genes, with breeding selection of new genetic variation, genetic determination of new varieties, selection of excellent new varieties, breeding and production The role and significance of 3 varieties of trees, the a increase the yield, improve quality, reduce investment, fully meet the needs of the society; B related professional and national economic development; improve the C production mode; D promote the related progress of science and technology. 4, cross breeding (traditional), @ gene recombination, ploidy breeding, @ chromosome number variation, mutation breeding, @ chromosome structural variation, tree Gene Engineering @ gene mutation and exogenous gene introduction. Two. Forest breeding resources 1, there are multiple levels of variation in tree species: A. Geographical Provenance Variation, B. variation within one source, variation among individuals in C. stands, variation among individuals in D. 2. Classification and classification of forest gene resources: A. is divided into local gene resources and foreign gene resources according to geographical origin. B. is divided into wild gene resources and artificial breeding gene resources according to their utilization and improvement 3, gene resource loss and its reasons: a natural factors: climate change, volcano eruptions, floods, forest fires; B biological factors: animal, microorganism and plant interaction; c human factors: land development and unreasonable utilization, improved varieties introduction, the special requirement of business 4, germplasm preser