油菜花的病虫害及防治（Diseases and insect pests of rape flowers and their control）.docVIP

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2017-10-16 发布于河南
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油菜花的病虫害及防治（Diseases and insect pests of rape flowers and their control）.doc

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油菜花的病虫害及防治（Diseases and insect pests of rape flowers and their control）

油菜花的病虫害及防治（Diseases and insect pests of rape flowers and their control） The main diseases of rape Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, downy mildew, white rust and virus disease; main pests are aphids, Pieris rapae, ape leaf beetle and beetle etc.. Among them, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and aphids have the most serious damage, and if the control is ineffective, the yield loss of rape can reach 20% - 30%. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of rape 1., damage and occurrence characteristics: rape Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, also known as rape Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, soft rot disease, is an important disease of rape. The stems, leaves, flowers and pods of Brassica napus were mainly damaged, and the damage was greatest among the stems. Rape in flowering and fruiting, often a one in the dead, there are many lower stalk peel, like a mouse shit for sclerotium. The first occurrence of seedling disease, soft rot from the base of seedlings, later extended to the whole seedlings, leaves turn green gray like shape often leads into the group burn rotten dead or dead whole nest; adult onset, stem victims, disease appears yellowish brown hygrophanous spots, dry skin rupture like flax late disease stalk rot as hollow, and white mycelium and sclerotium like shit. Rape victims become pale and pale, and their seeds are thin, flat and dull. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the field or in the summer or winter hybrid rapeseed, soil and fertilizer, when the suitable conditions of temperature and humidity, summer or winter long as sclerotia germination of apothecia Xunzi same, exudes ascospores, become the primary source of infection disease. When the spores mature, they are ejected from the egg sac and spread to the rape plant by wind, producing hyphae and invading through the wound or senescent tissue. The spores can only infect the senescent leaves and petals. The hyphae of the damaged stems and leaves spread through contact with the leaves and branches of rape, and then infect the adjacent ones. According to the