陈爱军《Urticaria》讲稿.docVIP

重庆医科大学临床学院教案及讲稿 课程名称 教 师 题目章节 教材名称 出 版 社 教 学 目 的 要 求 The definition of urticaria. The etiology and pathogenesis of urticaria. The clinical manifestations of urticaria . The treatment of urticaria. 教 学 难 点 1. The etiology and pathogenesis of urticaria. 2. The clinical manifestations of urticaria. 3. The treatment of urticaria. 教 学 重 点 The definition of urticaria. The clinical manifestations and some special sorts of urticaria. The treatment of urticaria, especially how to deal with shock or laryngeal edema or dyspnea. 外语要求 教学方法手段 参考资料 教研室意见 教学内容 辅助手段 时间分配 Urticaria Definition Urticaria is a very common disease and is a vascular reaction of the skin characterized by the appearance of wheals, white or red evanescent plaques generally surrounded by a red halo or flare and associated with severe itching, stinging, or pricking sensations. (picture1) Etiology 1. Food The most allergenic foods are shellfish, shrimps, crab, chocolate, nuts, peanuts, tomatoes, strawberries, melons, pork, cheese, garlic, onions, and spices. Eggs and milk always induce urticaria in children. 2. Medicines Many medicines can start urticaria by allergy, the most common drugs are as follows: penicillin, serum, vaccine, furazolidone, sulfanilamide and so on . Sometimes a few drugs can directly stimulate mast cells to produce histamine, like aspirin, morphine, codeine, quinine, etc. 3.Infections Infections caused by all organisms are another possible reasons to induce urticaria. The most common organism is virus of upper respiratory and staphylococcus aureus. Chronic infections of the patients cannot be easy verified as the pathogen of urticaria; it must be tested by therapy 4. Physical factors: Cold, hot, sunlight, friction and pressure 5. Animals and plants : Urticaria can be induced by animals fur skin or pollen or stinging of insects. 6. Spirit factors: In some cases, stress can trigger urticaria, but in another cases stress may lead to histami