IMO预选题1987(shortlist).pdf

Problems Shortlisted to the 1987 IMO Jury Havana, Cuba 1. Let be a function that satisfies the following conditions: (a) if and () () then () = + for some ( ). (b) The equation () = 0 has at least one solution and among all solutions there is one that is maximal. (c) (0) = 1. (d) (1987) 1988. (e) () () = ( () + () ) for all . Find (1987). 2. At a party attended by couples each person talks to everyone else at the party except his or her spouse. The conversations involve cliques with the property that 1 no couple is in a same clique, but for every other pair of persons there is a clique to which it belongs. Prove that 4 2. 3. Does there exist a second degree polynomial ( ) in two variables so that for every nonnegative integer there are unique nonnegative so that ( ) = ? 4. Let be a parallelepiped with . Prove that + + + + + When does equality hold? 5. Find inside the acute-angled triangle for which 2 + 2 + 2 is minimal, where are the feet of the perpendiculars from to . 6. Show that is are the lengths of the sides of a triangle and is the semiperimeter then + + 2 2 1 + + + 3 ( 1). 7. Consider five real numbers . Prove that one can find five real numbers 1 2 3 4 5 so that are nonnegative integers for all and ( )2 4. 1 2 5 8. (a) Let ( ) = 1. Prove that there exist integers and 1 2 1 2 so that no