中国大陆地区与香港地区汉语外来词对比研究.pdf

中国大陆地区与香港地区汉语外来词对比研究 内容提要 外来词是一种普遍的语言现象，本文在对汉语外来词的 由来及其历史状况作出初步探讨的基础上，着重比较中国大 陆地区与中国香港地区在外来词借入过程中所存在的差异， 并进一步探索分析造成这种差异的社会历史文化等诸多方面 的因素。 中国大陆地区与香港地区汉语外来词对比研究 目 录 0. 引 言············································································1 1. 汉语外来词研究··························································2 1.1 汉语外来词的发展历史·········································2 1.1.1 第一次高峰·古代西域/佛教··························2 1.1.2 第二次高峰·近现代西学东渐······················3 1.1.3 第三次高峰·当代改革开放··························4 1.2 外来词引入的六种方式········································5 1.2.1 音 译·······························································5 1.2.2 意 译·······························································5 1.2.3 形 译·······························································5 1.2.4 半音半意译·······················································6 1.2.5 音译加表意字···················································6 1.2.6 直用原文···························································6 2. 香港地区汉语外来词与大陆地区汉语外来词的差别8 2. 1 译法的不同····························································8 2.1.1 普通话曾用过音译，但后改为意译而香港则一直为音译8 2.1.2 普通话为意译，而香港则为音译···················9 2.1.3 香港为音译，普通话原来就有·······················10 １ 中国大陆地区与香港地区汉语外来词对比研究 2.1.4 同是音译，但用字却不同·······························10 2.1.5 同是意译，译法不同·······································11 2.2 语义的变异不同····················································12 2.2.1 词义的变异 ··················································12 2.2.2 词用的变异······················································13 2.2.3 利用词义的变异造变义混合词·······················13 2.3 差别的原因·····························································14 2.3.1 不同的历史文化积累、社会环境，从根本上造成了 两地对外来词的不同态度和倾向·······