芬兰的森林资源利用及经营管理（Utilization and management of forest resources in Finland）.docVIP

芬兰的森林资源利用及经营管理（Utilization and management of forest resources in Finland） Utilization and management of forest resources in Finland Northeast Forestry University , To open the Fu Finland has 1 Kuangs land, located in the Arctic Circle, the distribution of the marsh is quite common, about 30% of the land area, but its The forest Xiaogai rate up to 66%. Forests are mostly coniferous forests in the northern region, with a forest area of about 19 million 800 thousand hectares, per capita forest land About 4.2 hectares, accounting for second per capita in the world. Finland is famous for its full use of forest resources and fine management Forest industry has become the main economic lifeline of the country. The total volume of forest reserves in Finland reached 1 billion 600 million cubic meters, including 45% of European red pine, 37% of Norway spruce, and of birch 15%, because of the cold climate, the growth rate of trees is low. Southern areas need 70 years and 90 years to grow trees, and 120 in the North 160 years, a thinning amount to 30 80 m3 / ha, felling can reach 200 to 300 m3 / ha. Current annual logging The amount of timber is less than the annual growth, and the annual growth rate of trees has reached 870. Million cubic meters / year, its annual felling volume is 480. Million cubic meters. stay On this basis, an additional 12 million cubic metres will be added. This is expected to last until 2000. According to 198. The year The annual production of sawn timber, plywood, particleboard and fiberboard about 5 million 200 thousand tons, 7 million 200 thousand tons of pulp, cardboard 5 million 900 thousand Ton. As early as the middle of the nineteenth Century, Finland was still an agricultural country, with agricultural population accounting for 80% of the total population. Her first A steam powered sawmill and chipper factory was built in 1860 and is now modernizing its forest industrial products The level has entered the worlds advanced ranks. Forest industria