最小以太网帧由来（Minimum Ethernet frame origin）.docVIP

最小以太网帧由来（Minimum Ethernet frame origin） Frames of Ethernet use implicit back synchronization signals, which leave a gap in each Ethernet frame. This Ethernet frame gap is used to separate the frames of the ethernet. This gap has a specific time measurement that requires 96 bits (12 bytes) of data (9.6us on the 10Mbps Ethernet segment). This gap is used as a post synchronization signal. When a frame is received, if the cable has 96 bit time to silence, then the last bit of the received frame appears before the 96 bit time unit. When the node A begins to transmit, the signal must propagate to the entire network length range. The worst case of conflict is that when the frame signal of the A node is about to arrive, the B begins to transmit. The conflicting signals between the node A and the node B frame must be returned to A, telling the A that there is a conflict. The time that signals a cluster of network endpoints to another endpoint is called propagation delay. In the worst case, the A node detects a frame collision time of two times the propagation delay time. The frame of the A node must arrive at B through all the paths, and the conflicting signal must also be passed from B to A through all the paths. The center of the time is called the collision slot time. An Ethernet node must transmit a frame within a collision slot time. This is the origin of the smallest Ethernet frame size. For this maximum spread Ethernet network, the propagation delay time is 28.8us, so the collision slot time is 57.6us. To transmit 57.6us at 10Mbps bit rate, the Ethernet node must transmit 576 bits. Thus, the entire Ethernet frame, including the frame initial synchronization field, must be minimum 576 bits, i.e., 72 bytes long. In addition to starting the initial synchronization field (8 bytes), the source address (6 bytes), the destination address (6 bytes), the Ethernet type (2 bytes) and the FCS (4 bytes), the minimum payload size is 46 bytes. To ensure minimum Ethernet frame size,