物理引力（Physical attraction）.docVIP

物理引力（Physical attraction） Special topics in stress analysis of objects I. The three common forces in mechanics 1. gravitational force: the object on the ground or near the ground, due to the attraction of the earth and force of the object Direction: vertical downward Size: according to the two force balance condition, the weight of the object is equal to the tension of the vertical suspension or the pressure of the horizontal support surface when the object is stationary. Point of action: Center of gravity. Having regular shape and uniform mass distribution, the center of gravity of an object is at its geometric center. The center of gravity of a thin object can be found by hanging. 2., elastic conditions: contact, elastic deformation occurs (contact force, power) Direction: an object acting on a deformed object, perpendicular to the contact surface (at point contact, perpendicular to the point of contact), pointing to the pre deformation position Common elasticity: spring elasticity, rope tension, pressure and support force Size: spring elasticity, comply with Hookes law f=kx, stiffness coefficient K (N/m) 3., friction conditions: contact and contact surface is not smooth, there is positive pressure, the occurrence of relative movement and relative movement of the trend (contact force, power, friction, there will be elastic) Direction: opposite the direction of relative motion or relative motion Size： (1) sliding friction f= mu FN, dynamic friction factor mu, FN refers to the positive pressure on the contact surface of the object, its size and the support force of the object in contact face (2) the static friction force F0 and the maximum static friction force FM can be calculated by the two force balance condition, and the FM is slightly larger than the sliding friction force. In approximate calculation, the FM approximation is equal to the sliding friction force Friction can either be resistance or power. Two, the basic steps of stress analysis Stress analysis re