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TVS Diodes TVS Diodes A TVS Diode is a clamping device that limits harmful voltage spikes Silicon Avalanche Diodes are also known as TVS Diodes TVS stands for “Transient Voltage Suppressor” A TVS Diode is a semiconductor device utilizing a silicon PN junction TVS Diodes offer protection from medium to very high energy transients It is used to protect sensitive components from electrical overstress generated by induced lightning, inductive load switching and electrostatic discharge What is an Avalanche Diode? An avalanche diode is a diode that is designed to break down and conduct electricity at a specific reverse bias voltage Protects electronic circuits against damaging high voltage transients The avalanche diode is connected to the circuit so that it is reverse-biased In this configuration it is non-conducting and does not interfere with the circuit When voltage increases beyond the design limit, the diode suffers avalanche breakdown and the harmful voltage is conducted away from the circuit When the voltage spike passes, the diode returns to its normal, non-conducting mode The voltage is “clamped” at a predetermined maximum level which is called the clamping voltage ( VC ) or breakdown voltage ( VBR ) Avalanche diodes are the fastest surge-suppression devices; faster than MOV’s, zener diodes and gas tube surge arresters. The Avalanche Process Avalanche breakdown is a current multiplication process that occurs in strong electrical fields The electrical field strength necessary to achieve avalanche breakdown varies by material As avalanche breakdown begins, free electrons are accelerated by the electric field to a very high speed Inevitably the electrons strike atoms If the speed inadequate, the atom absorbs the electron and the process stops If the speed is sufficient, an electron is knocked off the atom Both electrons are then accelerated and impact other atoms, knocking off additional electrons The number of free electrons in the process increase expon