语言学单与元hyponymy .ppt

Group Members：张宝利（201003014313）阚文蕊（201003014412）程佳楠（201003014402）赵 茜（201003014414） Hyponymy Hyponymy is the sense relationship that relates words hierarchically. The underlying observation is that some words have a more general meaning, while others have a more specific meaning, while referring to the same entity. superordinate and hyponym superordinate or upper term: ---the more inclusive words e.g. furniture : bed,table,sofa.chair (co-hyponym共下义词) hyponym, lower term or subordinate: ---the more specific words Pseudo-hyponymy The relationship of inclusion is just transient, not permanent. Likes and dislikes, gift, living environment Quasi-hyponymy The superordinate does not have same grammatical class with its subordinate Taste: bitter, acid, sweet, hot, salty, spicy Use of hyponyms in writing/reading 1. vivid, exact, concrete, and definite Some bad students are talking in the lecture. Some mischievous students are chatting in the lecture. Use of hyponyms in writing He has a with two-storey, four bedrooms, two living rooms, a dinging room and kitchen. My job is horrible. My job is horrible with its low payment, constant overwork, demanding boss, and complex interrelationship. Use of hyponyms in writing 2. coherence条理性，连贯性 …the carriage dashed through streets and swept round corner, with women screaming before it, and men clutching each other and clutching children out of its way. At last, swooping at a street corner by a fountain. ---- Dickens Drive It is a beautiful park. With streams and ponds shaded by willows and bamboos, and small, elegantly-furnished cottages behind piles of rocks, the park is quiet even when there are many visitors in it, and cool when it is hot summer outside. Use of hyponyms in writing 3. Used to define (is-a relationship) An orthopedist整形外科医师is who specializes in bones. A plover凤头麦鸡is a that lives on the shore. A skylight is a