高考英语与语法复习课件-不定式专题复习 .ppt

动词不定式To 的几种常见的省略形式 ??? 非谓语动词历来是高考中的重点，不定式结构在考点中常占很大比重。其中TO的用法很复杂，现就TO在一些结构中常被省略的情况作如下小结。????? 1．感官动词和使役动词在主动语态中不需要带to，即我们常说的“一觉二听三让五看”：feel,　listen to 、hear ,let、make、have, see、watch、notice、observe、look at.　 He noticed Tom take a branch of flowers in his hand.　　他注意到汤姆手中拿着一束鲜花。The teacher has us write a composition every week.　　老师要我们每周写一篇文章。??? 注：　除let 外其他在变成被动语态时要加上to。The person was seen to enter the shop by us .? 　　我们看见那个人进了那家商店。 ? 2．当主句中存在do 动词的任何形式， 介词but 后就省去to, 而只接do(只是do动词，不能是其他行为动词) 其结构为can not do but（do)…，can not help but (do)不得不…等句型，eg. She can do nothing but/except sing. 她除了唱歌什么也没做。 There is nothing he could do but play all day long。他除了整天玩，别无它事可做。 I couldnt do anything but sleep I did nothing but wait He had nothing to do but cry. I had no choice but to sleep　　 3．不定式做help后的宾语补足语或宾语时，可带to也可不带。Can I help（to） carry it for you? 　　　我可以帮你搬吗？I helped him（to） mend the bike.　　　我帮助他修理自行车。 4．在had better，would rather，rather than之后省略to。Youd better not tell him the news .　　　　你最好不把这个消息告诉他。Rather than wait anyone, I decided to go home by taxi.　　　我决定乘出租车回家而不愿等候任何人。 学习动词不定式时要特别注意以下几点：一、后接不定式的动词 1.后接不定式做宾语的动词hope, agree, dare, decide, determine｜｜begin, start, refuse, prepare,offer｜｜manage,try, aim, forget, remember ，choose｜｜seem, pretend, learn, love, hate等。 (可记：希望同意敢决定，开始拒绝备提供，设法瞄准忘记选，似乎假装学爱憎。) 2.后接不定式作宾补的动词 permit,request,allow,command,tell,invite,cause,encourage｜｜warn,adivse,persuade｜｜force,order,remind,teach等。 (可记首字母：practice wap fort 实践攻克堡垒。) 3.后接不定式既作宾语又可作宾补的动词 ask,beg,like,preter,help,promise,wish,want,expect等。 （可记：请求、愿、助、诺、希望。）  二、不定式省略to的现象： 1.在had better,would rather, why not…,do nothing but,would rather…than以及情态动词后。如： Tom would rather play tennis than swim. I could do nothing but wait for you. 2.在see,hear,watch,notice,feel,observe,let,make,have等感官动词和使役动词后接不带to的不定式作宾补，但当这些动词为被动时其后的不定式必须带to.如： He saw two men enter the room. I was made to do it 三、不定式的否定式否定不定式时，否定副词not或never,seldom,hardly等要置于to前。如:She checked the name