第三章：chapter 12 呼吸系统.pptVIP

Chapter 12 Respiratory System Activity 1: Choose the ones that air passes through during breathing and arrange them in the right order alveolar sac diaphragm intercostal muscles trachea nostrils bronchi pleural cavity nasal cavities laryngopharynx nasopharynx oropharynx visceral pleura parietal pleura mediastinum bronchiole alveolar duct The right order nostrils nasal cavities nasopharynx oropharynx laryngopharynx trachea bronchi bronchiole alveolar duct alveolar sac diaphragm / intercostal muscles / pleural cavity / visceral pleura / parietal pleura / mediastinum Respiratory Function Test Spirometry肺量测定法,呼吸量测定法 Airway resistance compliance Diffusion capacity (肺弥散量 ) Exercise respiratory function test Spirometry Terms VC (vital capacity) 【P116】 TV (tidal volume) 【P116】 FEV1(1st second forced expiratory volume) 【P116】 ERV (expiratory reserve volume) 【P？】 IRV (inspiratory reserve volume) 【P？】 IC (inspiratory capacity) 【P114】 Static parameters静态参数 TLC (total lung capacity) 【P116】 RV (residual volume) 【P?】 FRC (functional residual capacity) 【P114】 Diffusion abnormality: Interstitial lung diseases 【P?】 Pulmonary edema 【P116】 Pulmonary vascular disorders 【P116】 Physical examination of the chest 视诊inspection respiratory frequency 1. tachypnea 【P113】 24次/分 2. bradypnea 【P110】 12次/分 respiratory depth 视诊inspection breathing movement 1. thoracic respiration （胸式呼吸） diaphragmatic respiration （腹式呼吸） 2. paradoxical breathing （胸腹矛盾呼吸,反常呼吸） 3. dyspnea 【P111】 视诊inspection rhythm and range 呼吸节律和幅度 Cheyne-Stokes respiration = tidal breathing 【P110】 潮式呼吸 触诊palpation thoracic expansion 胸廓扩张度 vocal fremitus 语音震颤 扣诊Percussion 【P115】 间接叩诊 mediate percussion 直接叩诊 immediate percussion 听诊Auscultation