第二部分 语法 第二讲 情态动词和虚拟语气.ppt

* * * * * 解析：考查情态动词。从对话情景可知他们在谈论过去的可能性：有人可能把手提包偷走了，因此选择might have stolen。 答案：B 3．(2012·苏州一模)— They ________ have prepared for the meeting more carefully. — But they didnt. What a pity! A．shouldnt B．cant C．may D．ought to 解析：考查情态动词。句意：“他们本该更细心地准备会议的。”“但他们没有这样做。真可惜！”ought to have done “过去本该做某事而未做”。 答案：D 4．(2012·衡阳高三调研)We ________ have hurried all the way to the airport — the flight was called off because of the foggy weather. A．mustnt B．couldnt C．neednt D．wouldnt 解析：考查情态动词。neednt have done表示“过去本不必做，但实际上却做了”。句意：我们原本没必要匆忙赶到机场——航班因为大雾天气取消了。 答案：C 1．非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法 if条件从句 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 表示现在 情况 动词过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/ might＋动词原形 表示过去 情况 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/ might＋have＋过去分词 表示未来 情况 should＋动词原形 should/would/could/ might＋动词原形 动词过去式 were to＋动词原形 If I had time, I would attend your party. 如果我有时间，我就去参加你的宴会了。 If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.(摘自2010陕西高考) 要是我们走其他的路，我们有可能及时到达这儿参加会议。 If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, we would take photos. 如果明天下雪，我们就照相。 [点津]　若条件句中有were, had, should，可把if省略，而把were, had, should放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。 Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.(摘自2010浙江高考) 要是我了解电脑程序，会节省大量的时间和能源。 Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match. 如果明天下雨，我们将不得不取消足球赛。 2．错综时间虚拟条件句 If you had worked hard, you would be very tired now. 如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的。(从句指过去，主句指现在) 3．含蓄虚拟语气 有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表达，而是由otherwise, but, or, without, but for等来引导。 But for their help, we could not have finished the program in time. 要不是他们的帮助，我们不可能及时完成这个项目。 The change could not have taken place without the open-door policy. 要是没有开放政策，就没有这些变化。 I was so busy then, otherwise I would have gone to help him. 那时我太忙了，否则我就去帮他了。 4．某些从句中虚拟语气的用法 (1) 表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等含义的动词后宾语从句 和同位语从句时用虚拟语气，形式为：(should＋)动词原形。常这样用的动词有：advise劝告，demand要求，desire渴望，command命令，insist坚决要求，prefer宁愿，urge主张，order命令，recommend 劝告；建议，request要求，require要求，suggest建议，以及这些词的名词形式。 T