语法29讲ppt.pptVIP

Lecture 29 It- Patterns ( p.p. 331—337 ) Grammatical description 类别 说 明 例 句 人 称 代 词 用以代替无生命的事物 -- What is this? -- It is a washing machine. I like it. 用以代替有生命，但不分阴阳性的东西 We saw a big tree. It was fully 20 meters high. Fish inhabits under water. It swims with its tail. 用以代替婴儿 The baby cried because it was hungry. 用以指前面谈及或将会发生的事情 It doesn’t matter if I miss the train, because there’s another one in ten minutes. 指 示 代 词 用以指做某个动作的人 -- Who is knocking at the door -- It’s me. 用以指某种情况 It’s the boys playing table tennis. “虚义” 和 “先行”代词 是一种“非指代性”代词 参阅 p. 331 29.1 “虚义” 和 “先行” it 分裂句 引导词 引导分裂句, 是普通陈述句中的某一成分受到强调 参阅 p. 334 29.2 “分裂句引导词” it 29.1 Empty it and anticipatory it (p. 331) ① Empty it 1) “虚义” it 是一种…… S1 – S4 2) “虚义” it 也常用来表示…… S1 – S4 3) “虚义” it 也常见于…… S1 – S3 4) “虚义” it 也常用在某些…… S1 – S4 ② Anticipatory it (p.332) it 的另一种用法…… S1: S2: S4: S3: [注] 1: (Para. 2) 在上诸例中….. [注] 2: (p.312 Para. 3) 上述结构…… Do Ex. 29 A: (1, 2), 3, 4, 5, (10, 11), 12, (17, 20); 6; 13, (16); (7, 8), 9; 14, 15; 18, 19 Key to Ex. 28 A: 1. It is possible that the Joneses will come to the party as well. 2. It doesn’t matter very much whether they will come or not. 3. It is quite likely that he will let you down. 4. It seems that you have taken a dislike to him. 5. It happens that I have had some nasty experiences in dealing with him. 6. It was rather complicated getting the car on the boat. 7. It would be a good idea to get up a petition./I think it a good idea to get up a petition. 8. It is a great pleasure to be here with you this morning. 9. It was so kind of you to invite us. 10. It doesn’t matter in the least