精选激光技术与生命科学.pdfVIP

激光原子冷却,波色－爱因斯 坦凝聚以及应用 laser cooling atom， Bose–Einstein Condensation and their Applications 物理系 陆璇辉 2012-12-10 1 自从1960年世界上第一台红宝石激 光器诞生以来，激光在科学研究和高科 技方面已经发展出许多分支，并已渗透 到我们的日常生活。 激光在基础科学研究、工业加工、 IT领域、医疗和军事领域都有广泛的应 用。 2012-12-10 2 激光的神奇之处 能达到世界上最高的温度 它比太阳的温度高一万倍 能实现世界上最低的温度 nK 它比液氦能达到的温度低一千万倍 2012-12-10 3 激光是20世纪最重大的发明之一 2012-12-10 4 Outline of lectures Outline of lectures Outline of lectures Laser principle Laser cooling Evaporative cooling Bose-Einstein condensation Applications Atom laser Atom chip Atom interferometry 2012-12-10 5 1917 Einsteins treatment of stimulated emission. 1951 Development of the maser by C.H. Townes. The maser is basically the same idea as the laser, only it works at microwave frequencies. 1958 Proposal by C.H. Townes and A.L. Schawlow that the maser concept could be extended to optical frequencies. 1960 T.H. Maiman at Hughes Laboratories reports the first laser: the pulsed ruby laser. 1961 The first continuous wave laser is reported (the helium neon laser). 2012-12-10 6 激光问世以来十几次为诺贝尔奖增添光彩 1964 Nicolay Basov, Charlie Townes and Aleksandr Prokhorov get the Nobel prize for “fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle.” 1971 Dennis Gabor fo