ZL30装载机工作装置设计.docVIP

摘 要 装载机是工程机械的主要机种之一，广泛用于建筑、矿山、水电、桥梁、铁路、公路、港口、码头等国民经济各部门。本文中参阅了大量的土方机械的设计参考书，其中大多数是有关装载机方面的，有的是工作装置单一构件的设计，有的则是整个工作装置的设计，并且有许多有关工作装置优化设计方面，各参考所涉及到的装载机虽然型号不同，研究的方法也有差异，但综合起来基本上也概述了现行的设计方法。国外装载机发展迅速，而我国装载机在设计上存在很多问题，其中主要集中在可靠性、结构设计强度等方面。而工作装置对于装载机来说又是重中之重，所以工作装置的设计好坏直接影响到装载机的使用寿命以及工作效率等。虽然现在市场上的装载机已经日趋成熟，但对其进行改进设计仍有非常重要的意义，尤其是装载机的工作装置。装载机工作装置的转斗六连杆机构是由与液压缸，铲斗相关联的两个四连杆机构组合而成。轮式装载机在作业时，靠改变液压缸的长度来使铲斗获得所要求的收斗角和卸料角。机构中各杆件长度及其结构参数确定后，需要对该机构作某些特定计算，以判断机构设计的正确性。在工作循环中速度与加速度变化合理；油缸活塞行程为最佳值；工作装置运动平稳、无干涉、无死点、无自锁；动臂从最底位置到最大卸载高度的举升过程中，保证铲斗中物料不洒落；在卸载后，动臂下放至铲掘位置铲斗能自动放平。 关键词：轮式装载机；工作装置；连杆机构；强度校核  Abstract Loader is a widely used in highway, railway, construction, utilities, ports, mines and other construction projects earthwork construction machinery, it is mainly used for loading shovel of soil, sand, lime, coal and other bulk materials, and also on the ore , slightly hard soil such as digging shovel operation. Dress can be different for earth-moving equipment auxiliary work, lifting and other materials such as timber loading and unloading operations. The road, especially in highway construction, the loader works for the cut to fill roadbed, asphalt and cement concrete aggregate material site and loading and other operations. In addition also the pushing of soil, ground and traction Calibrating other mechanical and other operations. As with the operating speed loader, high efficiency, mobility, easy operation, etc., so it becomes the construction of earth and stone construction in one of the main models. This article shoveling a lot of design reference books transport machinery, most of which is about the loader area, some work of a single component device design, while others are the work of the device design, the reference to the loader involved although the model, the study methods are different, but together basically an overview of the existing design methods. The rapid development of foreign loader, but loader in our country also exist the design of many problems, mai