立式机床主轴与工作台结构设计（机械CAD图纸）.doc

摘要 在新的经济增长过程中，我国机床行业迅速发展。随着中国经济的持续发展、机床行业的全球化、以及在政府加强自主知识创新措施的鼓励下，投资开发立式加工中心等高档机床的时机趋于成熟。 加工中心主要由主轴组件、回转工作台、移动工作台、刀库及自动换刀装置以及其它机械功能部件组成。其中的主轴组件是机床重要的组成部分，其运动性能直接影响机床加工精度与表面粗糙度。本文在查阅大量国内外文献的基础上，通过研究分析不同加工中心主轴组件的性能，综合地比较了其特点，并拟定了一个较为合理的主轴结构方案。同时，还就主轴、轴承以及丝杠等重要零件的机械性能进行了探讨，并对这些零件的刚度和强度进行了校核。此外，本设计中所采用的陶瓷轴承能有效地增加主轴的刚度，从而提高了加工中心的可靠性和稳定性。 本文针对立式加工中心VB-825A,论述了立式加工中心工作台和滑轨的设计过程和设计方法。通过类比立式加工中心VB-825A的机床布局和参数，确定了切合实际的开发方案。 关键词：主轴组件，加工中心，数控机床 工作台 Abstract In the current economic growth, the china machine producers get a rapid development. With the persistent ecomomic development of china, machine industry globalization and the government’s encouragement of enhance knowledge originality innovation, the development condition of high-end machine such as vertical machining center is gradually possible. Machining centers are equipped with spindle units, rotary workbench, moving workbench, tool magazines and automatic tool changers, and other mechanical function components. Spindle unit is the important motion part of the metal cutting machine tool. Its movement behavior affects the machining accuracy and surface roughness of part to be machined. Through referring to a variety of technical literatures, the characteristics of some kinds of spindle units are compared with each other based on analysis and research work on different machining centers. A reasonable scheme can be studied out. Meanwhile, the mechanical behaviors of principle parts such as the spindle, bearings and lead screw are discussed. Their rigidity and strength are calculated and examined here. Morever, a kind of advanced ceramic bearings is introduced into the spindle unit, which can effectively enhance the rigidity of spindle units. They will improve the reliability and stability of machining centers. This thesis is according to vertical machining center VB-825A, discusses the design process and design method of worktable and guide of the vertical machining center. Analysis the layout, parameter of vertica