金属综合实验的.docVIP

金属综合实验 讨论淬火温度、合金元素 对中碳钢淬透性和组织的影响 班级： 料123班 学号：129024229 姓名： 骆 军 指导老师：张义伟 目录 实验目的························································ 1 实验材料的器材·················································· 1 实验原理························································1 3.1 Fe-相图···············································1 3.2 钢的淬火·················································· 5 3.3 钢的淬透性················································ 8 3.4 合金元素对钢的组织和性能影响····························· 10 3.5 洛氏硬度计··············································· 11 实验步骤与内容················································· 12 4.1 制定研究内容············································· 12 4.2 标记·································· ···················13 4.3 淬火······················································13 4.4 金相试样制备与观察······································· 14 4.5 硬度测定················································· 19 4.6 数据处理··················································20 实验结果与分析················································· 21 5.1 实验结果··················································21 5.2 实验结果分析··············································24 实验结论······················································· 参考文献······················································· 8、实验心得······················································· 实验目的 1、淬火温度对中碳钢的微观组织的影 2、合金元素对中碳钢的微观组织的影响 3、淬火温度对中碳钢的淬透性的影响 4、合金元素对中碳钢的淬透性的影响 实验设备及材料 主要设备：箱式电阻炉、淬火水槽、热处理钳、砂轮机、抛光机、电吹风、金相显微镜、数码金相显微镜、计算机、HR—150型洛氏硬度试验机、读数显微镜、 材料：试样（45钢，40Cr）、金相砂纸、研磨膏（金刚石研磨膏）、抛光呢、4%硝酸酒精、酒精、脱脂棉、 实验原理 Fe-相图 碳钢和铸铁是最为广泛使用的金属材料铁碳相图是研究钢铁材料的组织、性能及其热加工和热处理工艺的重要工具。 碳在钢铁中可以有四种形式存在：碳原子溶于形成的固溶体，称为铁素体（体心立方结构）；或溶于形成的奥氏体（面心立方结构）；或与铁原子形成复杂结构的化合物（正交点阵），称为渗碳体；碳也可能以游离态石墨（六方结构）稳定相存在。在通常情况下，铁碳合金是按Fe-系进行转变的，其中是亚稳相，在一定条件下可以分解为铁和石墨。因此，铁碳相图可以有两种形式：Fe-相图和Fe-C相图，为了便于使用，通常将两者花在一起，称为铁碳双重相图，如图1（材科p288） 在Fe-相图中，存在3个三相恒温转变，及在1495℃发生的包晶转变：+→转变产物是奥氏体；在1148℃发生的共晶转变：→+，转变产物是奥氏体和渗碳体的机械混合物，称为莱氏体；在727℃发生的共析转变：→+，转变产物是铁素体与渗碳体的机械混合物，称为珠光体。共