医学影像的分析与实作.ppt

醫學影像分析與實作 OUTLINE Image acquisition method Image enhancement Methods of Qualitative Image Analysis Example for clinical medical image analysis Most nuclear medicine imaging systems present their information as digital images. A digital image is stored in the computer as an array or matrix of count values and is displayed by assigning a gray or color scale that depends on the number of counts in each element. Digital Image The Image arrays are square matrices that have dimensions range from 32*32 up to 1024*1024 In nuclear medicine : 32*32,64*64,128*128,256*256, 512*512,1024*1024 Byte mode word mode Image formation Frame Mode List Mode Dual Isotope Imaging Frame mode X-Y coordinate Byte mode: 256 gray scale 1 byte = 8 bits Word mode: 65535 gray scale 2 byte =1 word List mode 2 byte data series Event addresses Time flag List mode can be formatted any frame size List mode need more memory Sampling Sampling size: pixel size(mm) = field of view (mm) / # of pixels What should the pixel size be? 1. The spatial resolution of imaging system 2. The smallest object of interest in the image 3. The time it takes to perform any processing steps. 4. The amount of storage and archival space available. Information Density What information can we expect to perceive at a given count density? ☆ this depends on the size of the smallest region in the image you are trying to perceive and its apparent contrast to the surrounding background. ※ How to define the image information density? n k2/C2d2 n : estimate the count density k : the signal – to – noise ratio (3~5) C : image constrast d : image diameter ◎ Image constrast = (object count density - background count density)/ background count density Image Acquisition Static studies Whole-Body Imaging Dynamic studies Gated Acquisition SPECT Acquisition Data Acquisition Method Frame Mode List Mode Frame mode Acqui