世界超级无敌顶级最牛X——专业英语必过.docVIP

如有错误，纯属巧合。最终解释权归有道所有！ By454 CHAPTER ONE: EVOLUTION AND TRENDS 第一章:把内变量演化与发展趋势 ARTICLE: The Evolution of Modern Urban Planning 文章:现代城市规划的发展 It’s very difficult to give a definition to modern urban planning, from origin to today, modern urban planning is more like an evolving and changing process, and it will continue evolving and changing. Originally, modern urban planning was emerged to resolve the problems brought by Industrial Revolution; it was physical and technical with focus on land-use. Then with the economic, social, political and technical development for over one hundred years, today’s city is a complex system which contains many elements that are related to each other. And urban planning is not only required to concern with the build environment, but also relate more to economic, social and political conditions. 很难给出一个定义是从原点的现代城市规划到今天,现代城市规划更像一个进化,在变化的过程,它将继续发展和变化的。原来,现代城市规划的解决了工业革命问题带来了,那是实体和技术,重点介绍了土地利用。然后,经济、社会、政治和技术开发一百多年来,今天的城市,是一项复杂的系统包含许多元素之间的相互联系。城市规划,不仅要关心和建立的环境,但会涉及更多的经济、社会和政治条件。 In human history, Industrial Revolution is always viewed as a turning point because it brought tremendous changes to the world. At the beginning, it was just like a myth because machine could produce manufactured goods more quickly than the human hand. Following that, a large number of factories appeared and a large amount of people left their agriculture land to the factories. This process is called industrialization. It brought with the rapid economic growth, the expansion of city and the immigration of population. Large scale population growth in city and without any planning caused many problems, especially in the living condition —— the industrial cities became drab, polluted, unsafe and unhealthy. 在人类历史上,工业革命总是被看作是一个转折点,因为它带来了巨大的变化,他的整个世界。在一开始,它就像一个神话,因为机器能生产制成品速度要快于人类的手部。随后,大批工厂都出现了,大量的人们离开了他们的农业土地的工厂。这个过程被称为产业化。它给随着经济的快速增长,城市的不断扩展和移民人口。大规模的人口增长在城市,没有任何计划引起了许多问题,特别是在生活条件——工业城市成为单调,污染,不安全的,不健康的食物。 With social reform movement, early modern urban planning was concen