Part IV接 LeadingChapter 9 Motivation.pptVIP

Part　IV　　 Leading Chapter 9 Motivaｔion Learning Objectives After studying the chapter, you should be able to: 1. Explain what motivation is and why managers need to be concerned about it. 2. Describe from the perspectives of expectancy theory and equity theory what managers should do to have a highly motivated workforce. 3. Explain how needs motivate people. 4. Explain why and how managers can use pay as a major motivation tool. Chapter Outline Chapter Outline The Nature of Motivation　激励的本质 II. Expectancy Theory 期望理论 Expectancy 期望 Instrumentality 工具性 Valence 效价 Bringing It All Together 三者合一 Chapter Outline (cont’d) III. Need Theories 需要理论 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 马斯洛需要层次理论 Alderfer’s ERG Theory 艾德弗的ERG理论 Herzberg’s Motivator-Hygiene Theory 赫茨伯格的激励 – 保健理论 McClelland’s Needs for Achievement, Affiliation, and Power 麦克莱兰的成就、亲和、权力三种需要理论 Chapter Outline (cont’d) VI. Equity Theory 公平理论 Equity 公平 Inequity 不公平 Ways to Restore Equity 恢复公平的方法 V. Pay and Motivation 薪酬和激励 Basing Merit Pay on Individual, Group, or Organizational Performance Salary Increase or Bonus Examples of Merit Pay Plans I. The Nature of Motivation 激励的本质 1. Motivation The psychological forces acting on an individual that determine: Direction 方向—possible behaviors the individual could engage in Effort 努力—how hard the individual will work Persistence 毅力—whether the individual will keep trying or give up Explains why people behave the way they do in organizations I. The Nature of Motivation 2. Intrinsic Motivation 内在激励行为 Behavior that is performed for its own sake. The source of the motivation that comes from actually engaging in the behavior. The sense of accomplishment and achievement derived from doing the work itself. I. The Nature of Motivation 3. Extrinsic Motivation 外在激励行为 Behavior that is performed to acquire material or social rewards or to avoid punishment. The source of the motivation is the consequences of the behavi