S接ingle_Compartment-IV_Infusion.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3. 静脉推注一个负荷剂量后间隔一段时间进行静脉滴注 当iv LD后到t时刻，Civ=C0·e-kt t时再给予inf , 经过t′后， C=C0·e-k(t+t′)+ (1- e-k t′) 六、负荷剂量（Loading Dose） * Example 1 : Lidocain therapeutic range : 1.5~5 ug/mlt1/2 = 1.5h, V = 0.8 L/kg , BW = 70 kg If 2ug/ml of Conc. is to be maintained,What ko should be used ? * Css=2ug/ml  k = 0.693/1.5 = 0.462 h-1 ko = CsskV = 2 x 0.462 x 56  = 51.74 mg/h  = 0.86 mg/min * When will the Conc. reach 90% of Css , and 95% of Css? t0.9= 3.32 x 1.5 = 5 h t0.95= 4.32 x 1.5 = 6.5 h t0.99= 6.65 x 1.5 =10 h * If we want the Conc. to reach Css immediately. The loading dose can be given: xL= CssV = 2 x 56 = 112 mg * Example 2 : Diazepama patient was given an i.v. bolus dose of 10 mg first , half an hour after injection , began to give the patient infusion for 3 hours . The infusion rate was 10 mg per hour.What conc. would reach ? * The therapeutic range: 0.5~2.5 ug/ml Xo=10 mg  ko=10 mg/h T = 3 h t1/2 = 55 h V = 60 L k = 0.693/55 = 0.0126 h-1 * * Example 3A durg is administered by i.v. infusion ( ko = 3 mg/min ) for 60 min. Table below gives the plasma concentration of the drug at different times until the end of the infusion period . * Table * Assuming that the plasma Conc. of the drug has reached a plateau at the end of the infusion (a) Calculate the elimination rate constant and the volume of distribution of the drug ?(b) What is the concentration expected 20 min after the end of the infusion ?(c) If the infusion rate is 6mg/min ,what are the expected plasma Conc. of the drug at 20,40 and 60 min during the infusion ?(d) What is the loading dose required to attain immediately a concentration of 7 mg/L and what is the infusion rate necessary to maintain it ?(e) If the concentration of 7 mg/L fails to produce the desired response, what should the new infusion rate be and how long does it take to go from 7 mg