非谓语动词高中的全部用法.docVIP

十 非 谓 语 动 词 动词不定式：动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形”构成，语态式 一般式 完成式 进行式 主? 动 to build to have built to be building 被? 动 to be buil to have been built ? （1）一般式：两个动作同时发生或者先后发生， We decided to plant more trees this spring.（其后） They often watch us play table tennis.（同时） （2）完成式：动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前， I am sorry to have kept you waiting. （3）进行式：动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中，而且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，如： She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in. （4）动词不定式的被动语态用法： What is to be done next hasn’t been decided yet. 2. 动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如： To help each other is good. (主语)------It is good to help each other. My job is to drive them to the power station every day. (表语) We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’children. She wishes to be a musician.( 宾语) I don’t think it right to do it that way. I am determined to give up smoking.(表示情绪及情感等的形容词如glad, sorry, afraid, willing, eager, sure等) Can you give us some advice on what to do next?（句中有疑问词） Tell the children not to play on the street. （宾语补足语） I saw a little girl run across the street. This is the best way to help him. (定语) He is the man to depend on. The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. Every morning he gets up very early to read English. (目的状语) She reads China Daily every day in order to （so as to） improve her English. They lived to see the liberation of their home town. (结果状语) You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3. 复合结构不定式：由for + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式；有些形容词good, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等，表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，就用介词of。 It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. It is very kind of you to help him every day. It’s wrong of you not to attend the meeting. 4. 疑问词 + 动词不定式：疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后When to start has not been decided．(主语) I dont know what to do．(宾语) The difficulty was how to cross the river．(表