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- 2017-12-07 发布于浙江
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颈椎后前路治疗颈椎做过伸伤2
一期颈后路手术治疗颈颈椎osterior-anterior approach surgical treatment in one stage for hyperextension injury of cervical spinal cord, Shi jianpeng,Zhang zhihua , Wu lijie, Sun tengfei, *. Zhao jianwu,epartment of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Chang chun 130033, China
【Abstract】: Objective: To investigate and introduce the treatment of open-door expansive laminoplasty (Kurokawa), anterior discectomy and interfixtion in one stage for hyperextension injury of cervical spinal cord. Methods: Surgical indications, methods and effects of 10 cases from 2003 to 2011 with hyperextension injury of cervical spinal cord were evaluated. Results: Preoperative symptoms of all patients with surgery reduced significantly, ASIA score was improved significantly. Conclusion: In patients of hyperextension injury of cervical spinal cord with posterior-anterior approach surgical treatment in one stage, cervical spinal cord and nerve roots were decompressed significantly, spinal canal space was expanded, and the ASIA score was improved significantly.
【Key words】: hyperextension injury of cervical spinal cord/posterior-anterior approach surgical treatment/cervical disc herniation
1.介绍
颈椎过伸性损伤(CWI),又称挥鞭样损伤或鞭索综合征,最早由Crowe于1928年命名。颈椎伸展超过生理极限时,后结构作为外力的支点,其中,小关节受压最强,同时,颈椎前结构受到张应力作用,最大受力点的椎问盘及前纵韧带可能被撕裂,或在椎体前下缘发生撕脱骨折。尤其椎体前缘增牛呈喙状者,更易发生骨折。当颈部遭受过伸暴力时,颈髓可被椎体后缘与椎管后部的黄韧带皱褶相瓦挤压损伤,导致以颈髓中央管为中心的损伤”。普通x线片有时不能发现椎管骨性结构有明显损伤、脱位等丧现。MRl问世后,人们又发现部分病例不仪存在颈椎管狭窄、椎体严重退变、黄韧带肥厚,还存在颈椎间盘突出。当突出的椎间盘压迫颈髓,损伤最重的为颈髓灰质前柱、中央和灰质联合部位,临床上表观为上肢瘫凄重于下肢,触痛觉损害重于深感觉,但严重损伤的病例。使颈椎过伸性颈髓损伤的治疗变得复杂,患者往往出现颈椎管前方或者后方的压迫而导致相应的脊髓症状,以往大多对此类型颈椎过伸性损伤的发生发展及其治疗常以单纯颈椎前路或者颈椎后路手术为主,但对于一些由于颈椎管前方和后方同时压迫造成的过伸伤来说,单纯前路或者单纯后路手术治疗其缺点同样也较突出, 如带来诸多弊端(单纯前路或者单纯后路手术治疗颈椎过伸伤在患者同时存在颈髓前方及后方压迫的时候,可能使脊髓或者神经根无法得到充分的减压及颈椎无法得到良好的固定及生理曲度),甚至遗留严重脊髓神经功能障碍。我们自2003年1月~ 2013年 1月对 10例颈椎过伸性颈髓损伤患者进行分析和相关临床研究。
2临床资料与方法
2.1一般资料
本组10例患者7例为男性,3例为女性。年龄27-55岁,平均年龄43岁。致伤原因:交通伤5例,摔伤2例,运动损伤3例。其中椎间盘及前纵韧带损伤节段为C3-4的为2例,C4-5的为4例,C5-6的为2例,C6-7的为1例,都伴有颈椎黄韧带肥厚或者钙化,颈椎管狭窄多阶段间盘
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