理论练习(定义本质标准).docVIP

翻译的定义 1. Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Eugene A. Nida Charles R. Taber: The Theory and Practice of Translation, 1969) 2. Translation may be defined as follows: The replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL) (Professor Huang Long, Translatology) 3. A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original. A translation should have all the ease of the original composition. (A. F. Tyler: Essay on the Principles of Translation. 1791) 1. 所谓翻译，是在译语中用最切近的自然的对等语再现原语的信息，首先是意义，其次是文体。 2. 翻译可作如下界定：用一种语言（目的语）的文本材料对等地再现另一种语言（源语）的文本材料。 3. 译文应完全复写出原作的思想。译文的风格和笔调应与原文的性质相同。译文应和原作同样流畅。 翻译的本质 1. Some professional translators take considerable pride in denying that they have any theory of translation—--they just translate. In reality, however, all persons engaged in the complex task of translating posses some type of underlying or covert theory, even though it may be still very embryonic and described only as just being “faithful to what the author was trying to say.”（Nida） Note: 1. underlying or covert: basic, inner; concealed, not open, secret 2. embryonic: in an early stage of development 2. It is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended in the text. Common sense tells us that this ought to be simple, as one ought to be able to say something as well in one language as in another. On the other hand, you may see it as complicated, artificial and fraudulent, since by using another language you are pretending to be someone you are not. The translation cannot simply reproduce, or be the original. And since this is so, the first business of the translator is to translate. (Peter Newmark) Note: fraudulent: deceitful or