中考英语复习 7A Units 1-4上.ppt

●4. borrow和lend (1)borrow 指借入，即“向别人借东西”。常用搭配：borrow…from…向/从……借…… I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher. (2)lend指借出，即“把自己的东西借给别人”。常用搭配：lend sb sth＝lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 I lent my coat to a friend of my brothers, and I never saw it again. [拓展] keep 也有“借”的意思，但一般是指借来某物后保存或使用一段时间，因此可以与时间段连用，但borrow和lend不可以。 You can keep my recorder for three days. 你可以借用我的录音机三天。 I have kept this book for one week. 这本书我已经借了一周了。 ●5. say, speak, tell和talk say 意为“说”。指用语言来表达思想，一般要强调说话的内容，必须要有宾语，但不能直接跟人做宾语，如果接表示人的宾语，其后须加介词to ，如： He said to me，“I want to buy some fruit”. He said that it was raining when they left . What did he say in the meeting? What did they say about the accident? How do you say it in English ? tell 一般不需要有说话的内容，意为“告诉”“讲述”“分辨”但可以直接接表示人的宾语，如： My grandmother often told me some interesting stories . Please tell me more about it . My parents often tell me to study hard . Can you tell the difference between tell and say ? Who did they tell about the accident ? talk 意为“交谈”，指两个人或者两个以上的人的说话。一般也不需要跟说话的内容，如要接表示人的宾语时，其后需加介词to 或者with ,此外它还有“谈论”的意思：talk about 如： When the teacher came in, the students were talking . Lucy is very sad these days because she doesn’t know who to talk to . I stopped to talk to him when I met my old friend on the way yesterday. What did they talk about ? speak 意为“说”“发言”，强调说话的方式，也不跟说话的内容。如： Can you speak Japanese ? How do you speak in English ? Did he speak in the meeting ? ●6. take, cost , pay和spend spend 意为“花费”“度过”，可以指花钱，也可以指花时间，其用法为： spend ……on sth / spend …… （in）doing ,主语为人，如： He spends a lot of time on his hobbies every day . I spent ten yuan ( in )buying a dictionary . pay 意为“付款”，其用法为： pay ……for sth / pay for sth with ……， 主语为人，如： I paid ten yuan for the dictionary . cost意为“值”“花费”，一般指花钱，主语一般为事物，如： The dictionary cost me ten yuan . take意为“花费”，一般指花时间，主语为事情，如： It takes ( sb ) some time to do sth . It takes me forty minutes to read English every morning . 三、语法知识 1. 掌握动词be的一