中国湖泊现状及面临的重大问题与保护策略_杨桂山.pdfVIP

J. L ake Sc i. (湖泊科学), 2010, 22( 6): 799-810 http: //www. jlakes. org. E-m ai:l jlakes@ iglas. ac. c Z 2010 by Journal of L ake Sc iences * 杨桂山, 马荣华, 张 路, 姜加虎, 姚书春, 张 民, 曾海鳌 (, 210008) : , , , . , , , , 2 . , 1km , , , . : ; ; ; L ake status, m ajor p rob lem s and protection s trategy i n Ch ina YANG G uisha , M A Ro ghua, ZHANG Lu, JIANG Jiahu, YAO Shuchu , ZHANG M i ZENG Haipao (Na ji g I stitute ofG eog raphy a d Lmi o logy, Chi ese Academ y of Scie ces, Na j i g 210008, P.R.Chi a ) A bs tra ct: Large umbers of lakesw ith differe t types are distributed through Chi a. The form atio a d evolutio of the lakes are ot o ly i flue ced by atural factors i the w atersheds, but also deeply disturbed by huma activ ities, w hich led to differe t re- g io al evolutio characteristics a d eco-e viro m e tal problem s. I rece t decades, the umber, area a d distributio of the lakes have u dergo e sig ifica t cha ges. M oreover, the lakes are faci g m a y problem s such as shri kage, reductio of storage capac-i ty, w ater quality decli e, serious eutrophicatio , biodiversity decrease, ecological degradatio , barrier of river a d lake w ater a d ecolog ical co tact, over-developm e t arou d the shore li e a d the lake area, etc. These problem s have triggered a series of eco- logical a d e viro m e tal co seque ces, seriou sly affecti g the daily lives of the reside ts a d sustai able developm e t of the eco - 2 omy. This paper ami s to ide tify the um ber, area a d distributio of the lakes i Chi a w ith the area larger tha 1km , based o field survey a d i vestigatio . Com bi ed w ith historical data of lake surveys a d relative research results, them ajor ecological a d e viro m e tal problem s a d regio al characteristics of the lakes i rece t decades ar