GRE阅读笔记No5-1.docVIP

A Marxist sociologist has argued 　　that racism stems from the class 　　struggle that is unique to the 　　capitalist system—that racial prejudice (5) is generated by capitalists as a means　　of controlling workers. His thesis works　　relatively well when applied to 　　discrimination against Blacks in the 　　United States, but his definition of (10) racial prejudice as racially-based 　　negative prejudgments against a group 　　generally accepted as a race in any 　　given region of ethnic competition, can 　　be interpreted as also including (15) hostility toward such ethnic groups as 　　the Chinese in California and the Jews 　　in medieval Europe. However, since 　　prejudice against these latter peoples 　　was not inspired by capitalists, he has (20) to reason that such antagonisms were not 　　really based on race. He disposes thusly 　　(albeit unconvincingly) of both the 　　intolerance faced by Jews before the 　　rise of capitalism and the early (25) twentieth-century discrimination against 20-c 　　Oriental people in California, which, 　inconveniently, was instigated byorkers. 文章结构类型:全文论证一个观点型文章,反驳racism stems from the class struggle that is unique to the capitalist systemHis thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition, can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. 单词： 阅读专用词汇：albeit, discrimination, prejudice, prejudgment, hostility 积累专业词汇：racism 某位马克思主义社会学家论辩道，种族主义（racism）缘起于资本主义体制所特有的阶级斗争——亦即是说，种族偏见是由资本家造成的，作为控制工人的一种手段。该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时，相对而言尚能适用，但他对种族偏见所下的定义——即“以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见，而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地区则被普遍认作一种族”——可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的敌视态度。然则，既然针对这后两个民族的偏见并非是由资本家所引发的，他便必须作这样的逻辑推理，即这些敌对情绪并非真正是以种族为基础的。如此看来，他忽略了（尽管无法令人置信地）资本主义兴起之