一次太行山焚风对霾强度的影响分析-气象.PDF

一次太行山焚风对霾强度的影响分析 1 2 1 1 杨晓亮 杨敏 李江波 张珊 1 河北省气象台,石家庄 050021 2 河北省防雷中心,石家庄 050021 提 要：利用NCEP 再分析资料、逐5 分钟地面自动气象站、激光雷达、风廓线仪 和微波辐射计等资料，对2015 年石家庄冬季一次典型焚风过程中霾强度的变化 进行了分析。结果表明，在静稳天气形势下，华北地形槽使太行山东麓发生了明 显的焚风现象，焚风带来湿度的快速下降，进而引起水平能见度迅速上升、PM2.5 浓度迅速下降，霾强度明显减弱。激光雷达可以直观的反映焚风发生前后边界层 结构特征和污染物浓度的变化。风廓线仪分析表明，焚风过程300 米以下风向风 速的变化明显，表现为风速的加大和风向的多变，说明风场有强的脉动。焚风现 象向平原水平推进的距离大概为25km，垂直影响的高度在1km 以下。 关键词：焚风,霾,能见度,PM 质量浓度 2.5 Impact Analysis of A Taihang Mountain Fohn on Haze Intensity YANG Xiaoliang1 YANG Min2 LI Jiangbo1 ZHANG Shan1 1 Hebei Meteorological Observation, Shijiazhuang 050021 2 Hebei Provincial Lightning Protection Center, Shijiazhuang 050021 Abstract :Utilizing the NCEP Reanalysis data, the ground automatic weather station data, the laser radar, the wind profiler and Microwave radiometer , we analyzed the changes of haze intensity in a typical fohn process of Shijiazhuang during the winter of 2015. Results show that, The east of Taihang mountain experienced obvious fohn phenomena due to the Topographic trough of North China in static weather situations, and the fohn leads to rapid decline of the humidity , and this may cause the rapid rising of horizontal visibility, the decline of concentration of PM2.5 and the haze’weakening. Laser radar can visually reflect the changes of boundary layer structure and the concentration of pollutants before and after the fohn. By using the wind profile, we learned that the changes of wind direction (may vary a lot) and speed (may be larger) are obvious below 300m, which proves the strong pulsation of wind. Fohn’ Horizontal and vertical scales are 25km and 1 km. Key words : Foehn, haze, visibility, PM2.5 mass concentration 引 言 焚风是出现在山脉背风坡，由山地引发的一种局部范围内的空气运动形式 ——过山气流在背风坡下沉而变得干热的一种地方性风。当气流越过