烟草叶绿体基因工程研究进展-烟草科技.pdfVIP

2017 年6 月 烟草科技 Jun. 2017 第50 卷第6 期 Tobacco Science Technology Vol. 50 No. 6 烟草叶绿体基因工程研究进展 张剑锋，李 阳，金静静，陈千思，谢小东，王 中，罗朝鹏，杨 军* 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院，郑州高新技术产业开发区枫杨街2 号 450001 摘要：叶绿体基因工程通过同源重组实现定点整合，与细胞核基因工程相比，使外源基因的表达更为高 效和安全。叶绿体基因工程在模式植物烟草中的研究最为广泛。为此，总结了近年来烟草叶绿体基因 工程在提高光合效率、抗性和品质等方面的研究进展，同时对利用该技术在生物反应器中生产生物质 酶、次生代谢产物、疫苗和药用蛋白等方面进行了综述。在此基础上，对叶绿体基因工程的研究和应用 前景进行了展望。 关键词：烟草；叶绿体转化；遗传改良；生物反应器 中图分类号：S572.01 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1002-0861 （2017 ）06-0088- 11 Recent advances in tobacco chloroplast genetic engineering ZHANG Jianfeng, LI Yang, JIN Jingjing, CHEN Qiansi, XIE Xiaodong, WANG Zhong, LUO Zhaopeng, YANG Jun* Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China Abstract: Chloroplast genetic engineering allows site-specific modifications via two homologous recombination events. Comparing with nuclear genetic engineering, it is more efficient and much safer for exogenous gene expression. Chloroplast genetic engineering was most widely studied in the model plant, tobacco. In this review, we summarized the research progress of tobacco chloroplast genetic engineering in improving photosynthetic efficiency, resistance and quality. In addition, this article also discussed that biomass enzymes, secondary metabolites, vaccines and medicinal proteins were expressed in bioreactor by chloroplast genetic engineering. Based on above analysis, the research and application prospects of chloroplast genetic engineering were proposed. Keywords: Tobacco; Chloroplast transformation; Genetic improvement; Bioreactor ［3 ］ 叶绿体是绿色植物进行光合作用的场所，是 tabacum ）完整的叶绿体基因组信息以来 ，已有 植物生长发育过程中重要的细胞器，主要存在于 数百例绿色植物的叶绿体基因组序列被陆续公 植物和真核藻类细胞中。植物叶绿体由前质体分 布。叶绿体具有独立基因组，为比较保守的双链 化而来，依据真核生物进化的内共生学说，叶绿体