Review of the Grammar 大一对外汉语课语法复习.pptx

fùxí 复习 xuéxí Hànyǔ bù róngyì， kěshì hěn yǒuyìsi 学习 汉语 不容易，可是 很有意思 Some basic but useful things！ Chinese Grammar: Distinguishing features The verbs are not conjugated There are no masculine and feminine words and no plurals (except for people) Has only three tenses---past, present and future. Yet, people usually just use present tense with different particles to indicate tenses, so you don’t need to worry about that. General Chinese sentence order wǒ míngtiān zài túshūguǎn gēn Lily xuéxí zhōngwén。 我 明天 在图书馆 跟Lily 学习中文。 （Tomorrow I ‘ll study Chinese with Lily at the library.) donec quis nunc Subject + Verb+ Object This is the most basic Chinese language pattern, which also follows the same sentence order as in English. So, for example: 1. I = Wǒ 我. Go = qù 去. Shenzhen = Shēnzhèn深圳Add it all together to make “Wǒ qù Shēnzhèn” 我去深圳 （ I go to Shenzhen） 2. wǒ shì Zhōngguórén 我是中国人 （I’m Chinese） No-verb sentence: Subject + (Hěn) + Adjective/Predicate It simply means that there is no verb in the sentence, and the adjective actually functions as a verb. There are 2 types of sentences in this category, one contains 很 with adjectives, attention: “hěn” should not be stressed and doesn’t really mean “very” here. 1. Adjective which describe the quality or state of being of the subject. Ex: Nǐ hěn piāoliang！你很漂亮！You are beautiful! (not 你是很漂亮！） Tā hěn máng. 他很忙 He is busy. （Not 他是忙！） 2. Predicates which function directly after the subject, especially describing age or price. EX: wǒ èrshí suì 我二十岁 （ I’m twenty years old） yī jīn píngguǒ sān kuài qián。一斤苹果三块钱（ 500g of apple is 3 kuai) Negative form: 不 / 没 + Verb To make a sentence negative, you just add no/not, in front of the verb. Remember, bù不 is to negate the verb in the present and future tenses. Use méi没 for verb 有（have） and verbs in the past tense or to indicate that the action has not bee