旱地春玉米田微集水保墒技术研究ΞΞΞ-农业工程学报.PDFVIP

第 12 卷　第 2 期 Vol. 12 　No. 2 　　　　　　　　　　农 业 工 程 学 报 　　　　　　　　　　　 1996 年　　6 月 　　　　　　　　　Transactions of the CSAE 　　　　　　　　　　J un. 　 1996 旱地春玉米田微集水保墒技术研究 ① 赵聚宝 　钟兆站　薛军红　梅旭荣 ( 中国农业科学院农业气象研究所) 提 　要 　根据 1992～1994 年在北方旱区农业综合发展研究的寿阳试验区的农田水分平衡定位 试验资料 ,研究分析了旱地春玉米田微集水保墒技术的蓄水保墒效果。结果表明 :微集水处理 的降水入渗深度比对照增加;微集水处理的 0～200 cm 土层的蓄水量 ,在玉米苗期、需水关键期 和成熟收获期均比对照增加 ;农田微集水保墒技术有调控农田蒸散量的作用 ;农田微集水保墒 技术有明显的增产作用 ,且在旱年更为显著 ;微集水保墒技术使水分利用效率高。 关键词 　旱地保墒 　春玉米产量 　微集水技术 　水分利用效率 MicrowaterCollecting Technology of Spring Maize in Dryland Field Zhao J ubao 　Zhong Zhaozhan 　Xue J unhong 　Mei Xurong ( A grometeorology Institute , Chinese Academy of A gricultural Sciences , Beijin g) Abstract 　This paper analyses the effect of water storage and soil moisture conservation by means of microwatercollecting technology in the dryland field of spring maize. The results in dicate that the rainfall infiltration depth is deeper by means of microwatercollecting treatment than that of control. In microwatercollecting treatment , the amount of soil water storage within 0～200 cm soil layer increases by 50. 5 mm , 13. 5 ～58. 6 mm , and 24. 5 mm during seedling stage , the critical stage of water requirement and harvesting stage respectively com pared with the control. The microwatercollecting technology has the function of regulating and adjustin g the amount of field evapotranspiration , which results in an obvious effect of in creasing crops yield , especially in the dry year. Microwatercollecting technology can raise the water use efficiency. Key words 　Soil moisture conservation in dryland 　 Spring maize yield 　Microwatercollect