初中虚拟语气讲解.ppt

* Grammar 虚 拟 语 气 英语动词有三种语气: 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气 虚拟语气：表示说话人的所说的话不是事实， 一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)； 一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法. 条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。 真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。 非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的， 与事实相反的情况。 If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma. If I were a bird, I would fly to America. would should +动词原形 could might 动词过去式/should +动词原形 were to＋动词原形 与将来事实 可能相反 would should have+过去分词 could might had +过去分词 与过去事实相反 would should + 动词原形 could might 动词过去式（be的过去式一般用were） 与现在事实相反 主句 从句 动词形式 时间 I would buy an expensive car. I would buy a villa. I would travel around the world. If I won the lottery, 现在事实相反 If I ____________time last night, I _____________ to see the film with you . had had would have gone 过去事实相反 If he________ more carefully, he _____________ the car accident yesterday. had driven would not have had Mark: 100 I ________ a party for you . should get If you ____________ ____________ ____________ got Were to get a full mark next time, 将来时相反 would hold 注意 1.省略 if 的条件从句 当从句中有 were, had 或 should 时，可省略if ， 而把它们放在句首,再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。 If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow,… If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the experiment… Had he worked harder, he would have passed the final examinations. 2 由介词或介词短语暗示的虚拟结构 常见的介词或介词短语有without(没有) , but for(要不是) Eg : Without electricity , human life would be quite difficult today . = If there were no electricity , Without his advice ,I couldn’t have done it all by myself . = If it hadn’t been for his advice , But for your help , I wouldn’t have succeeded in doing this experiment . = If it hadn’t been for your help , But for the meeting ,I would have gone to your party last Saturday . = If it hadn’t been for the meeting , 二、虚拟语气用于宾语从句中 Wish 的宾语从句 现在： 过去： 未来： 过去时（were） 过去完成时 w