[川大学]计算机网络通信.pptVIP

2.5 DNS: Domain Name System; DNS name servers; DNS: Root name servers;Simple DNS example;DNS example;DNS: iterated queries;DNS: caching and updating records;DNS records;DNS protocol, messages;DNS protocol, messages;Socket programming;Server and Client;Network Addressing Analogy;Concept of Port Numbers;Names and Addresses;#include netinet/in.h /* Internet address structure */ struct in_addr { u_long s_addr; /* 32-bit IPv4 address */ }; /* network byte ordered */ /* Socket address, Internet style. */ struct sockaddr_in { u_char sin_family; /* Address Family */ u_short sin_port; /* UDP or TCP Port# */ /* network byte ordered */ struct in_addr sin_addr; /* Internet Address */ char sin_zero[8]; /* unused */ };;Byte Ordering;Byte Ordering Functions;Socket: a door between application process and end-end-transport protocol (UCP or TCP) A socket is a file descriptor that lets an application read/write data from/to the network socket returns an integer (socket descriptor) fd 0 indicates that an error occurred socket descriptors are similar to file descriptors AF_INET: associates a socket with the Internet protocol family SOCK_STREAM: selects the TCP protocol SOCK_DGRAM: selects the UDP protocol;Socket-programming using TCP;Socket programming with TCP;TCP;Since web traffic uses TCP, the web server must create a socket of type SOCK_STREAM;A socket can be bound to a port;Socket I/O: listen();Socket I/O: accept();Socket I/O: accept() continued...;Socket I/O: read();TCP;TCP;struct sockaddr_in srv; srv.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(“128.2.35.50”);;Translating Names to Addresses;Socket I/O: connect();Socket I/O: write();Review: TCP Client-Server Interaction;Socket programming with UDP;UDP;Socket I/O: socket();Socket I/O: bind();Socket I/O: recvfrom();Socket I/O: recvfrom() continued...;TCP;Socket I/O: sendto();Review: UDP Client-ServerInteraction;Chapter 2: Summary;Chapter 2: Summary