GPS无约束网平差成果转换的软件设计.docVIP

摘 要 由于GPS技术具有全天候、自动化、选点灵活、可同时测定点的三维位置与速率等优点，因而不失为一种非常有效的数据采集手段；而GPS的内外业数据处理，包括基线处理、网平差、坐标系统转换等，对于决定最终测量成果的精度起着关键性作用。 GPS网平差一般在WGS-84坐标系下以一个点的三维坐标作为起算值进行网的整体无约束平差，得到控制点在WGS-84坐标系下的坐标。但是，由于GPS采用的是空间大地地心坐标系,而我国常用的平面坐标系统是高斯平面直角坐标系,常用的高程系统是正常高系统，这些结果需要先进行不同的椭球参数变换（如本题需要换算为参数），再将空间大地参心坐标系通过高斯投影和高程基准面变换而获得。参心坐标系与地心坐标系存在模型差异,要通过GPS测量获得实际需要的平面坐标和高程就必须进行坐标模型的转换。 本论文主要从GPS的内业处理，即网平差和坐标系统转换模型方面进行研究，应用Visual Basic 6.0开发语言进行坐标转换的软件编程，并进行软件的测试，从而初步实现了GPS数据分析和处理的自动化、智能化，为获得精确的测量成果提供有效的方法和软件。 关键词：全球定位系统（GPS）；网平差；坐标系统转换 Abstract Because GPS technology have all-weathered, automation, flexible choice of site , being able to simultaneously determine the point 3-d position and speed etc, it can absolutely be regarded as a kind of very effective data acquisition means. The interior work and field of GPS data processing, including baseline processing, network adjustment and coordinate system conversion etc, plays a key role in deciding the accuracy of the final measurement results. GPS network adjustment is generally a three-dimensional coordinates of a point in WGS-84 coordinate system as the starting value of the network as a whole unconstrained adjustment, to obtain the control point coordinates in the WGS-84 coordinate system. However, due to the space geodetic GPS is the geocentric coordinate system, plane coordinate system is a Gaussian plane rectangular coordinate system, elevation system is above normal system, these results need ellipsoid parameters transform (such as this subject to be converted to Krasovsky ellipsoid parameters), then the earth and space heart coordinate system through the gauss projection and height datum transform. Reference cardiac coordinate system with geocentric coordinate system model differences, GPS measurements to the actual needs of the plane coordinates and elevation must conduct coordinate model conversion. This thesis mainly from the GPS within the industry processing, namely the research of network adjustment and coordinate system transformation