专升本大英串讲2(一致关系).ppt

一致关系 ;一. 当名词或代词后跟有with, as well as, as much as, along with, like, rather than(而不是), together with, but, except, besides, including等连接作主语时，主语是单数时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 John, along with twenty friends, is planning a party. 约翰和二十个朋友正计划举行一个聚会。 No one but Jane and Tom was there then. 那时除了珍妮和汤姆之外，没有别人在那儿。; The father rather than the brothers is responsible. 应负责的是父亲，而不是兄弟。 He as well as his sister is a university teacher. 他和他的妹妹都是大学教师。;二. or, either…or…,neither…nor…, not only…but also…等连接的并列主语的谓语动词形式，通常依据就近原则。（即谓语动词与相邻的主语一致） Neither the quality nor the prices have changed. 质量和价格都没有变化。 Not only the children but also the mother was ill. 孩子和妈妈都病了。; You or he is in the wrong. 不是你错了，就是他错了。 Either the principal or his assistants are to attend the meeting. 要么校长要么他的助手们得去参加会议。;三. 用 and 或 both…and…连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。 Lucy and Lily are twins. 露西和莉莉是孪生姐妹。 Both the secretary and manager have agreed to be present. 书记和经理都已同意出席。 ;注：1）但由and连接的并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词则用单数形式，这时后面的可数名词没有冠词。(a knife and folk, a needle and thread ) 真诚是最好的策略。 Truth and honesty is the best policy. The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了。 The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor. 这个女孩的老师加朋友是一位年轻的大夫。 ; Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 2）当and连接的两个成分指两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数。 岁月无情。 Time and tide wait for no man. ;四.当主语是each…and (each)…,every…and every…,no…and （no ）…,many a…and…, more than one ...结构时，谓语动词用单数。 （☆不定代词each，every，no修饰的名词即使以and连接的多个并列主语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。） 在我们国家每个人都有接受教育的权利。 In our country every boy and every girl has right to receive education. ; No teacher and no student is present. 没有教师和学生出席。 ☆Many a singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. 许多歌唱家和舞蹈家将参加我们的晚会。 ☆ More than one person is involved in this case. 不止一个人被卷进了此事。 ;; Each animal and (each) tree is well tended in the park. 公园里的每一个动物、每一棵树都得到了很好的照管。 Mary and Tom each have their own bedroom. 玛丽和汤姆都有各自的寝室。 注：但并列主语后加each(在此处作同位语)， 谓