水性双组分聚氨酯涂料的制备及应用.doc

水性双组分聚氨酯涂料的制备及应用 摘 要 水性聚氨酯涂料具有无毒、无味、不污染环境、安全环保的特点，正在逐步取代传统的溶剂型涂料，特别是水性双组分聚氨酯涂料，由于具有较高的交联密度，其性能可与溶剂型涂料相媲美，已经引起了人们极大的兴趣。由于水相的引用，与溶剂性双组分聚氨酯涂料相比，它的制造与应用存在更高的难度。传统溶剂性双组分聚氨酯涂料要严格控制水的摄入，因为异氰酸酯对水极其敏感，一旦混合，将发生一系列化学反应；而水性双组分聚氨酯涂料要以水为溶剂，存在极大的技术与施工难题。国外对水性双组分聚氨酯的研究取得了迅猛的发展，对其的制造及化学行为提出了许多新的见解。其中，拜耳公司的乳液型丙烯酸酯和亲水改性的异氰酸酯组成的水性双组分涂料已经在木器市场上得到初步推广，随着人们环保 意识的增强和涂料技术的发展，水性双组分聚氨酯涂料将得到更加广泛的应用。 本论文制备了水性双组分聚氨酯涂料的含羟基组分，即丙烯酸分散体，研究了这些分散体在制备过程中聚合物的羟值、酸值及玻璃化温度对涂模性能的影响，然后将丙烯酸分散体与亲水改性多异氰酸酯配合，通过扫描电镜观察了固化后漆膜表面形态、红外光谱表征了漆膜结构，制得了性能优异的水性双组分聚氨酯涂料，研究了混合方式、NCO/OH比、温度、湿度等因素对漆膜性能的影响，并且对其的适用期及气泡现象进行了分析与总结。最后，阐述了水性双组分聚氨酯涂料在不同底材上的应用情况。 将制得的含羟基丙烯酸分散体与亲水改性多异氰酸酯组分配制水性双组分聚氨酯涂料，漆膜性能达到了溶剂型聚氨酯涂料的指标，而且施工期限得到了延长。通过选择合理的制备工艺和添加剂，解决了水性双组分聚氨酯涂料施工中存在的严重问题，如光泽低、硬度低、气泡留下的涂膜缺陷等。 关键词：水性双组分聚氨酯；丙烯酸分散体；涂膜性能；应用 ABSTRACT Waterborne polyurethane Coatings possess innoxious, odorless, no-harm to the environment and safe characteristic, and now are replacing traditional solvent-based coatings. Two-component waterborne polyurethane coatings which has almost same properties with solvent-based coatings, has attracted much interest in the world. As a result of joining water , comparing to solventborne polyurethane , Two-component waterborne PU coatings lies in much difficulty. two-component solventborne PU coatings must control water ,because it is sensitive to NCO component . They will take place chamical reaction . But two-component waterborne PU coatings regargd water as solvent ,it lies in much difficulty of application and technology. Recently , the production and chemistry of two-component waterborne PU coatings have been studied successfully in overseas , Such as ,bayer compony produces two-component waterborne PU coatings by acrylic emulsion and drophilically-modified polyisocyanate and have gained spreading .With increasing of people recognization and development of coatings techonology, two-component waterborne PU coatings will gain more applications . In this paper, hydroxyl component-acrylic dispersion are prepared