十字兰成熟花粉的超微特征.pdfVIP

园艺学报，2015 ，42 (9) ：1831 –1836. Acta Horticulturae Sinica doi ：10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2015-0076；http ：//www. ahs. ac. cn 1831 十字兰成熟花粉的超微特征 刘 林* （临沂大学药学院，山东临沂 276000 ） 摘 要：为探讨十字兰花粉小块中成熟花粉的超微特征，采用透射电子显微技术对开花期的花粉进 行超微观察。结果表明：（1）花粉小块表面的花粉壁与花粉小块内部的花粉壁结构差异明显——表面的 花粉壁层次多，由外向内依次是覆盖层、基粒棒、外壁内层–1、外壁内层–2 和内壁；内部的花粉壁层 次少，缺少覆盖层和基粒棒。（2 ）成熟花粉的营养细胞和生殖细胞一样含大量高度凝集的染色质，占据 细胞核多半空间。（3 ）营养细胞中缺少脂滴、淀粉粒和贮藏蛋白，显示成熟花粉不贮藏大分子营养物质。 归纳起来，十字兰花粉小块表面和内部的花粉壁结构不同，营养细胞染色质凝集以及大分子贮藏物质缺 乏是成熟花粉最为显著的超微特征。 关键词：十字兰；成熟花粉；花粉壁；染色质；花粉贮藏物质 中图分类号：S 682.31 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0513-353X （2015 ）09-1831-06 Ultramicroscopic Characterization of Mature Pollen Grains of Habenaria sagittifera * LIU Lin （School of Pharmacy ，Linyi University ，Linyi ，Shandong 276000 ，China） Abstract ：In order to understand the ultramicroscopic features of mature pollen grains of Habenaria sagittifera ，transmission electron microscopy was applied to characterize the pollen grains in the massulae of this species at anthesis. （1）Pollen walls on the surface of the massula consisted of more layers ， including tectum，baculum ，nexine-1 ，nexine-2 and intine ，while pollen walls within the massula was comprised of fewer layers，lacking tectum and baculum. （2 ）Both vegetative and generative nuclei in mature pollen grains were predominated by highly condensed chromatin ，which occupied over half of the inner space of the nuclei. （3 ）The pollen grains did not contain lipid bodies，starch grains，or storage proteins ，indicative of the absence of macromolecular storage reserves. In summary ，the structural difference between walls on the surface of the massula and walls within the massula，the highly condensed status of the vegetative nucleus，and the absence of macromolecular storage reserves were the mo