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DIGESTION and ABSORPTION - NSCC NetID Personal Web …消化吸收和个人网站的用户名….ppt

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DIGESTION and ABSORPTION - NSCC NetID Personal Web …消化吸收和个人网站的用户名…

LIPIDS Learning Objectives: Understand lipid terminology and classifications Understand the digestion and absorption of lipids Learn about the function of lipids in the diet, and how they relate to health issues WHAT ARE THE LIPIDS? A broad range of organic compounds that dissolve easily in organic solvents, but range in their solubility in water Hydrophobic – “water-fearing” Lipophilic – “fat-loving” CLASSES of LIPIDS SIMPLE LIPIDS Fatty Acids Triglycerides Waxes COMPOUND LIPIDS Phospholipids DERIVED LIPIDS Sterols FATTY ACIDS Key building blocks for lipids Chains of carbon atoms with a carboxyl group at one end, and a methyl group at the other May be “free” or attached to another compound Determine the characteristics of the fat FATTY ACIDS CHAIN LENGTH Short chain = less than 6 carbons Medium chain = 6-10 carbons Long chain = 12 or more carbons The shorter the carbon chain, the more liquid the fatty acid is FATTY ACIDS SATURATION SATURATED FATTY ACID =If all the carbon atoms in the chain are joined with single bonds, and the remaining bonds are attached to hydrogen FATTY ACIDS SATURATION UNSATURATED FATTY ACID = If adjoining carbons are joined by double bonds FATTY ACIDS UNSATURATED One double bond = monounsaturated fatty acid Two or more double bonds = poly- unsaturated fatty acid FATTY ACIDS Long-chain saturated fatty acids stack tightly and form solids at room temperature Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids don’t stack compactly and are liquid at room temperature Short-chain saturated fatty acids are also liquid at room temperature Figure 5.6 FATTY ACIDS TWO TYPES OF BOND FORMATION: CIS - hydrogens on the carbons joined by a double bond are on the same side = the carbon chain is bent TRANS – hydrogens on the carbons joined by a double bond are on the opposite side = the carbon chain is straighter FATTY ACIDS Omega-3 Fatty Acid – double bond at carbon 3 Omega-6 Fatty Acid – double bond at carbon 6 Omega-9 Fatty Acid – double bond at ca