概率与密码.ppt

* * 第三章 阅读与思考 人教A版 必修3 试试破译下列密码: L.dp.d.whdfkhu 最后答案是一句话 这是“恺撒移位密码”，字母按顺序往前3位移动，L往前3位是I，d往前3位是a，p往前3位是m ……以此类推。最后答案是 I am a teacher 什么是凯撒密码？ 凯撒密码作为一种最为古老的对称加密体制，在古罗马的时候都已经很流行，他的基本思想是：通过把字母移动一定的位数来实现加密和解密。例如，如果密匙是把明文字母的位数向后移动三位，那么明文字母B就变成了密文的E,依次类推，X将变成A，Y变成B，Z变成C，由此可见，位数就是凯撒密码加密和解密的密钥。 问题？ 你能用自己的语言描述凯撒密码的设计方式吗? 恺撒密码 （公元前一世纪） 它是将英文字母向前推移k位。以此字母替代的密表，如k=5，则密文字母与明文与如下对应关系 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E k就是最早的文字密钥 被用于高卢战争 问题？ 凯撒密码的设计确实很精巧，但真的像凯撒自己宣传得那样无懈可击吗? 聪明的你发现它有什么弱点吗? 你有什么办法破解呢? 凯撒密码 凯撒密码 一名奸细的名字 密文:LCEM 明文:JACK 这是唯一答案吗？ 小试牛刀 对决时刻 接到不明身份密文:Ogsgyve 明文:I am a spy 我是一名间谍 凯撒密码 问题？ 凯撒密码的拥护者们对凯撒密码进 行了一个简单的改进: 用一个按随机顺序排列的字母表来替代正常顺序的字母表． 请问通过这种简单代换方法，共产生了多少种字母表? 凯撒密码 问题？ 凯撒密码的破译者们也不甘示弱． 你有什么办法能破解凯撒密码的升级版吗? 凯撒密码 《老人与海》[英文版] The Old Man And the Sea TO CHARLIE SCRIBNER AND TO MAX PERKINS The Old Man And the Sea He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish the boys parents had told him that the old man was now definitely and finally salao, which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his skiff empty and he always went down to help him carry either the coiled lines or the gaff and harpoon and the sail that was furled around the mast. The sail was patched with flour sacks and, furled, it looked like the flag of permanent defeat. (Note: The skill of the introduction of the old man should be noted. He is both in time and timeless. The numbers mentioned are significant.) The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The brown blotches of the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings